Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Others regard Quran recitation in the funeral prayer as a Sunnah practice, as do al-Shāfiʿī and Ahmad, on the basis of this hadith of Ibn ʿAbbās and other reports. Among these scholars, some hold that recitation is obligatory, as it is in the regular prayer. Others hold that it is a recommended Sunnah practice, not an obligation.

This is the most balanced of the three views, for the early generations followed both practices, and both were well known among them. They offered funeral prayers both with and without Quran recitation, just as they sometimes recited the basmalah aloud in prayer and sometimes did not; sometimes recited an opening supplication and sometimes omitted it; sometimes raised their hands at the three junctures and sometimes did not; sometimes concluded the prayer with two salutations of peace and sometimes with one; sometimes recited quietly behind the imam and sometimes did not recite; and sometimes pronounced four takbīrs in the funeral prayer, sometimes five, and sometimes seven. Some among them followed one practice, while others followed another. All of this is established from the Companions.

It is likewise established that some of them, when giving the adhān, repeated the two testimonies of faith aloud after first reciting them quietly, while others did not. Some pronounced the phrases of the iqāmah, the call to commence prayer, singly, while others pronounced them in pairs. Both forms are established from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَرَى الْقِرَاءَةَ فِيهَا سُنَّةً كَقَوْلِ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَد لِحَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ هَذَا وَغَيْرِهِ. ثُمَّ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ مَنْ يَقُولُ الْقِرَاءَةُ فِيهَا وَاجِبَةٌ كَالصَّلَاةِ. وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ: بَلْ هِيَ سُنَّةٌ مُسْتَحَبَّةٌ لَيْسَتْ وَاجِبَةً. وَهَذَا أَعْدَلُ الْأَقْوَالِ الثَّلَاثَةِ؛ فَإِنَّ السَّلَفَ فَعَلُوا هَذَا وَهَذَا وَكَانَ كِلَا الْفِعْلَيْنِ مَشْهُورًا بَيْنَهُمْ كَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ بِقِرَاءَةٍ وَغَيْرِ قِرَاءَةٍ كَمَا كَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ تَارَةً بِالْجَهْرِ بِالْبَسْمَلَةِ وَتَارَةً بِغَيْرِ جَهْرٍ بِهَا وَتَارَةً بِاسْتِفْتَاحٍ وَتَارَةً بِغَيْرِ اسْتِفْتَاحٍ وَتَارَةً بِرَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ الثَّلَاثَةِ وَتَارَةً بِغَيْرِ رَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ وَتَارَةً يُسَلِّمُونَ تَسْلِيمَتَيْنِ وَتَارَةً تَسْلِيمَةً وَاحِدَةً وَتَارَةً يَقْرَءُونَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ بِالسِّرِّ وَتَارَةً لَا يَقْرَءُونَ وَتَارَةً يُكَبِّرُونَ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ أَرْبَعًا وَتَارَةً خَمْسًا وَتَارَةً سَبْعًا كَانَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ هَذَا وَفِيهِمْ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ هَذَا. كُلُّ هَذَا ثَابِتٌ عَنْ الصَّحَابَةِ. كَمَا ثَبَتَ عَنْهُمْ أَنَّ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَانَ يُرَجِّعُ فِي الْأَذَانِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يُرَجِّعْ فِيهِ. وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَانَ يُوتِرُ الْإِقَامَةَ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَانَ يَشْفَعُهَا وَكِلَاهُمَا ثَابِتٌ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.

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