Dhū al-Qa‘dah, when he concluded a treaty with them; the ‘umrah of Hunayn from al-Ji‘rānah, where he distributed the spoils of Hunayn; and an ‘umrah together with his Hajj.”

In the two Sahīh collections, al-Barā’ ibn ‘Āzib said:

“The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, performed ‘umrah twice in Dhū al-Qa‘dah before performing Hajj.”

This is al-Bukhārī’s wording. He meant the ‘umrahs that he completed, namely those of al-Qadiyyah and al-Ji‘rānah. As for the ‘umrah of al-Hudaybiyah, he was unable to complete it because the polytheists prevented him from proceeding. On that occasion, Allah revealed the verse concerning being prevented from completing the pilgrimage rites, as the scholars unanimously agree.

It is also established in an authentic report that when ‘Ā’ishah was told, “Ibn ‘Umar said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, performed ‘umrah in Rajab,” she said:

“May Allah forgive Abū ‘Abd al-Rahmān! The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, never performed ‘umrah without Ibn ‘Umar accompanying him, and he never performed ‘umrah in Rajab.”

In another report, ‘Ā’ishah said:

“The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, performed ‘umrah only in Dhū al-Qa‘dah.”

The same was reported from Ibn ‘Abbās. Ibn Mājah narrated both reports.

Abū Dāwūd narrated that she said:

“The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, performed two ‘umrahs: one in Dhū al-Qa‘dah and one in Shawwāl.”

If this report from her is authentic, perhaps he began his journey in Shawwāl. She never said that he performed ‘umrah in Ramadan; thus, that claim is known to be an outright error.

If it is established through authentic hadiths that he performed ‘umrah only in Dhū al-Qa‘dah, and it is also established that he travelled from Medina to Mecca and entered it only three