Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Likewise, regarding “seeking rain,” they permit going out to open ground to perform the prayer for rain and supplicate, as is established from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. They also permit going out and supplicating without performing a prayer, as ʿUmar, may Allah be pleased with him, did in the presence of the Companions. They permit supplicating for rain in conjunction with the regular prayers, as during the Friday sermon and similar occasions, as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did.

Likewise, regarding the “funeral prayer,” their preferred practice is to pronounce four takbīrs (declarations that Allah is the Greatest), since it is established that this was the usual practice of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his Companions. According to the well-known position reported from Ahmad, it is permissible to pronounce five takbīrs and to follow the imam in doing so, since it is established that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pronounced five, and several Companions, including ʿAlī ibn Abī Tālib, did likewise. According to the sound position in his school, it is also permissible to pronounce seven takbīrs and to follow the imam in doing so, since it is established that the Companions sometimes pronounced seven after the death of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and because there is also a narration to this effect from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

وَكَذَلِكَ " الِاسْتِسْقَاءُ " يُجَوِّزُونَ الْخُرُوجَ إلَى الصَّحْرَاءِ لِصَلَاةِ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ وَالدُّعَاءِ كَمَا ثَبَتَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَيُجَوِّزُونَ الْخُرُوجَ وَالدُّعَاءَ بِلَا صَلَاةٍ. كَمَا فَعَلَهُ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِمَحْضَرٍ مِنْ الصَّحَابَةِ. وَيُجَوِّزُونَ الِاسْتِسْقَاءَ بِالدُّعَاءِ تَبَعًا لِلصَّلَوَاتِ الرَّاتِبَةِ كَخُطْبَةِ الْجُمْعَةِ وَنَحْوِهَا كَمَا فَعَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَكَذَلِكَ " الْجِنَازَةُ " فَإِنَّ اخْتِيَارَهُمْ أَنَّهُ يُكَبَّرُ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعًا كَمَا ثَبَتَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَهُ غَالِبًا. وَيَجُوزُ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ عِنْدَ أَحْمَد التَّخْمِيسُ فِي التَّكْبِيرِ وَمُتَابَعَةُ الْإِمَامِ فِي ذَلِكَ لِمَا ثَبَتَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ كَبَّرَ خَمْسًا وَفَعَلَهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ الصَّحَابَةِ مِثْلُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَغَيْرِهِ. وَيَجُوزُ أَيْضًا عَلَى الصَّحِيحِ عِنْدَهُ التَّسْبِيعُ وَمُتَابَعَةُ الْإِمَامِ فِيهِ لِمَا ثَبَتَ عَنْ الصَّحَابَةِ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُكَبِّرُونَ أَحْيَانًا سَبْعًا بَعْدَ مَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلِمَا فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ الرِّوَايَةِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.

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