Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Allah, who answers his supplication, whether it is grammatically correct or contains grammatical errors. The aforementioned claim has no basis.

Rather, someone unaccustomed to grammatical correctness should not strain to achieve it when supplicating. One of the early generations said:

“When attention turns to grammar, humble devotion departs.”

Similarly, forcing rhymed prose into supplication is disliked, but there is nothing wrong with it when it occurs naturally. Supplication originates in the heart, and the tongue follows the heart. Whoever concentrates on correcting his speech while supplicating weakens his heart’s attentiveness. Thus, a person in distress supplicates from his heart with words he is inspired to utter that had not occurred to him before. This is something every believer experiences in his heart.

Supplication is permissible in Arabic and in other languages. Allah, glorified be He, knows the supplicant’s intention and meaning, even if his speech is not grammatically correct. He knows the clamour of voices in their different languages and with their varied needs.

He—may Allah have mercy on him—also said:

Section

As for the salutation of peace that concludes the prayer, the preferred view of Mālik and his followers among the people of Medina is that a single salutation is given in every prayer, obligatory or voluntary, whether it comprises several physical pillars or only one.

اللَّهُ وَأَجَابَ دُعَاءَهُ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ مُعْرَبًا أَوْ مَلْحُونًا وَالْكَلَامُ الْمَذْكُورُ لَا أَصْلُ لَهُ؛ بَلْ يَنْبَغِي لِلدَّاعِي إذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَادَتُهُ الْإِعْرَابَ أَنْ لَا يَتَكَلَّفَ الْإِعْرَابَ قَالَ بَعْضُ السَّلَفِ: إذَا جَاءَ الْإِعْرَابُ ذَهَبَ الْخُشُوعُ وَهَذَا كَمَا يُكْرَهُ تَكَلُّفُ السَّجْعِ فِي الدُّعَاءِ فَإِذَا وَقَعَ بِغَيْرِ تَكَلُّفٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَإِنَّ أَصْلَ الدُّعَاءِ مِنْ الْقَلْبِ وَاللِّسَانُ تَابِعٌ لِلْقَلْبِ. وَمَنْ جَعَلَ هِمَّتَهُ فِي الدُّعَاءِ تَقْوِيمَ لِسَانِهِ أَضْعَفَ تَوَجُّهَ قَلْبِهِ وَلِهَذَا يَدْعُو الْمُضْطَرُّ بِقَلْبِهِ دُعَاءً يَفْتَحُ عَلَيْهِ لَا يَحْضُرُهُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَهَذَا أَمْرٌ يَجِدُهُ كُلُّ مُؤْمِنٍ فِي قَلْبِهِ. وَالدُّعَاءُ يَجُوزُ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ وَبِغَيْرِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ وَاَللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ يَعْلَمُ قَصْدَ الدَّاعِي وَمُرَادَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُقَوِّمْ لِسَانَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ ضَجِيجَ الْأَصْوَاتِ بِاخْتِلَافِ اللُّغَاتِ عَلَى تَنَوُّعِ الْحَاجَاتِ. وَقَالَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: فَصْلٌ: وَأَمَّا السَّلَامُ مِنْ الصَّلَاةِ: فَالْمُخْتَارُ عِنْدَ مَالِكٍ وَمَنْ تَبِعَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ تَسْلِيمَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فِي جَمِيعِ الصَّلَاةِ فَرْضِهَا وَنَفْلِهَا الْمُشْتَمِلَةِ عَلَى الْأَرْكَانِ الْفِعْلِيَّةِ أَوْ عَلَى رُكْنٍ وَاحِدٍ.

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