it is established in the two Sahīh collections that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,

“commanded Bilāl to recite the phrases of the adhān twice and those of the iqāmah once.”

It is also established in the two Sahīh collections that he

“taught Abū Mahdhūrah to recite the phrases of the iqāmah twice each, like the adhān.”

Whoever recites the phrases of the iqāmah twice has done well, and whoever recites them once has done well. Whoever makes one form obligatory to the exclusion of the other is mistaken and misguided. Whoever shows allegiance to those who practise one form rather than the other solely on that basis is likewise mistaken and misguided.

Among the reasons Allah gave the Tatars power over the lands of the East was the widespread division and strife among their people over schools of law and other matters. Thus, you find someone affiliated with al-Shāfi‘ī so partisan in favour of his school against that of Abū Hanīfah that he departs from the religion. Someone affiliated with Abū Hanīfah is similarly partisan in favour of his school against that of al-Shāfi‘ī and others, to the point of departing from the religion. Someone affiliated with Ahmad is partisan in favour of his school against one or the other. In the Maghrib, you find someone affiliated with Mālik partisan in favour of his school against one or the other. All this belongs to the division and discord that Allah and His Messenger have forbidden.

All these people who are partisan in falsehood, following conjecture and what their souls desire, and pursuing their own desires without guidance from Allah, deserve blame and punishment.

This is a broad subject that cannot be treated at length in this fatwa. Holding fast to the community and maintaining harmony are fundamental principles of the religion, whereas the disputed subsidiary issue is an obscure matter of detail. How, then, can a fundamental principle be undermined for the sake of upholding a subsidiary matter? Most of these partisans know nothing of the Quran