Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“He mentioned four men: a man whom Allah granted wealth and knowledge, who uses his wealth in obedience to Allah; and a man whom Allah granted knowledge but no wealth, who says, ‘If I had wealth like so-and-so, I would use it as he does.’ He said, ‘The two are equal in reward.’ Then there is a man whom Allah granted wealth but no knowledge, who uses his wealth in disobedience to Allah; and a man whom Allah granted neither wealth nor knowledge, who says, ‘If I had wealth like so-and-so, I would use it as he does.’ He said, ‘The two are equal in sin.’”

It is also reported in both Sahīh collections that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“Whoever calls others to guidance will have a reward equal to the rewards of those who follow him, without diminishing their rewards at all. Whoever calls others to misguidance will bear a burden of sin equal to the burdens of those who follow him, without diminishing their burdens at all.”

It is also reported in both Sahīh collections that he said:

“When a servant falls ill or travels, the deeds he used to perform while healthy and resident are recorded for him.”

There is much evidence supporting this.

Third: The heart is the king of the body, and the limbs are its troops. If the king is upright, his troops are upright; if the king is corrupt, his troops are corrupt. Intention is an act of the king, whereas outward deeds are acts of the troops.

Fourth: According to Ahl al-Sunnah, repentance from a sin is valid even when a person is unable to commit it.

صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ {أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ أَرْبَعَةَ رِجَالٍ: رَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالًا وَعِلْمًا فَهُوَ يَعْمَلُ فِيهِ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ. وَرَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ عِلْمًا وَلَمْ يُؤْتِهِ مَالًا. فَقَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي مِثْلَ مَا لِفُلَانِ لَعَمِلْت فِيهِ مِثْلَ مَا يَعْمَلُ فُلَانٌ. قَالَ: فَهُمَا فِي الْأَجْرِ سَوَاءٌ وَرَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالًا وَلَمْ يُؤْتِهِ عِلْمًا فَهُوَ يَعْمَلُ فِيهِ بِمَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ وَرَجُلٌ لَمْ يُؤْتِهِ اللَّهُ مَالًا وَلَا عِلْمًا فَقَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي مِثْلَ مَا لِفُلَانِ لَعَمِلْت فِيهِ مِثْلَ مَا يَعْمَلُ فُلَانٌ قَالَ: فَهُمَا فِي الْوِزْرِ سَوَاءٌ} . وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: {مَنْ دَعَا إلَى هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنْ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أُجُورِ مَنْ اتَّبَعَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ دَعَا إلَى ضَلَالَةٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ الْوِزْرِ مِثْلُ أَوْزَارِ مَنْ اتَّبَعَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ أَوْزَارِهِمْ شَيْءٌ} وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: {إذَا مَرِضَ الْعَبْدُ أَوْ سَافَرَ كُتِبَ لَهُ مِنْ الْعَمَلِ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُهُ وَهُوَ صَحِيحٌ مُقِيمٌ} وَشَوَاهِدُ هَذَا كَثِيرَةٌ. الثَّالِثُ أَنَّ الْقَلْبَ مَلِكُ الْبَدَنِ وَالْأَعْضَاءَ جُنُودُهُ فَإِذَا طَابَ الْمَلِكُ طَابَتْ جُنُودُهُ وَإِذَا خَبُثَ الْمَلِكُ خَبُثَتْ جُنُودُهُ وَالنِّيَّةُ عَمَلُ الْمَلِكِ بِخِلَافِ الْأَعْمَالِ الظَّاهِرَةِ فَإِنَّهَا عَمَلُ الْجُنُودِ. الرَّابِعُ أَنَّ تَوْبَةَ الْعَاجِزِ عَنْ الْمَعْصِيَةِ تَصِحُّ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ.

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