the preacher, then remembered that he had a prayer to make up and performed it at that time. Is this permissible or not?

He replied:

All praise is due to Allah. If he remembers during the sermon that he has a missed prayer to make up, whether he can hear the preacher or not, he may make it up at that time if he can do so and still catch the Friday prayer. Indeed, according to the majority of scholars, he is obliged to do so. The prohibition on praying during the sermon does not extend to obligatory prayers, and making up a missed prayer is obligatory according to the more correct of the scholars’ two opinions. Indeed, the prohibition does not even extend to the prayer of greeting the mosque, for the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—said:

“When one of you enters the mosque while the imam is delivering the sermon, he should not sit down until he has prayed two units of prayer.”

Moreover, performing a missed prayer at a time when prayer is prohibited is established in an authentic hadith, in which he—peace and blessings be upon him—said:

“Whoever catches one unit of the Fajr prayer before the sun rises has caught Fajr.”

The scholars have differed concerning someone who remembers a missed prayer when rising to perform the Friday prayer: should he begin with the missed prayer, even if he misses the Friday prayer, as Abū Hanīfah holds? Or should he perform the Friday prayer and then the missed prayer, as al-Shāfi‘ī, Ahmad and others hold? Must he then repeat the Friday prayer as Zuhr? There are two opinions on this, both reported from Ahmad.

The underlying principle is that observing the prescribed order when making up missed prayers is obligatory in the case of prayers