And if that is so, this pottery is pure, since it contains no impurity.

If it is argued that some smoke from the impure fuel has mingled with it, its ruling would fall under the two opinions; the correct view is that it is pure. As for the use of impure substances itself, this has already been discussed. Water heated with impure fuel is pure, but there are two opinions on whether its use is disliked, both transmitted from Ahmad. The first is that it is not disliked, which is also the position of Abū Hanīfah and al-Shāfi‘ī. The second is that it is disliked, which is the position of Mālik.

There are two grounds for considering it disliked:

The first is the fear that some impurity may have reached the water, making its use disliked because it may have become impure. On this basis, if there is a solid barrier between the stove and the fire, its use is not disliked. This is the approach of al-Sharīf Abū Ja‘far, Ibn ‘Aqīl, and others.

The second is that using impure substances is itself disliked, and the heat was produced through a disliked act. This is the approach of al-Qādī Abū Ya‘lā. A similar case is