Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Shaykh al-Islām—may Allah sanctify his soul—was also asked:

“Does a necessary implication of a person’s position count as his own position, or not?”

He replied:

As for the question, “Does a necessary implication of a person’s position count as his own position, or not?” the correct answer is that the [necessary implication] (*) of a person’s position is not itself his position if he does not accept it. If he has rejected and denied it, attributing it to him would be a false allegation against him. Rather, it demonstrates the unsoundness of his position and the inconsistency of his assertions, not that he accepts implications which evidently entail disbelief or impossibility. Such cases are exceedingly numerous: people advance views that entail other views which they are known not to accept, without realizing that these follow from their position.

If a necessary implication of a position were itself counted as the person’s position, this would require declaring everyone who describes Allah’s rising above, or any other attribute, as figurative rather than literal to be a disbeliever. For this position necessarily implies that none of His names or attributes has a literal meaning. Likewise, for anyone who does not affirm a shared meaning between the two names, it would follow that nothing of faith in Allah, knowledge of Him, or acknowledgment of Him would constitute faith. For whatever the heart affirms, an argument analogous to that made about the other can be made about it. The necessary implications of these people’s position entail the position of the extreme heretics who deny the divine attributes, whose disbelief is greater than that of the Jews and Christians.

(*) The text in square brackets is absent from the printed edition and has been supplied from Siyānat Majmū‘ al-Fatāwā min al-Saqt wa-l-Tashīf (Safeguarding the Collected Fatwas against Omissions and Textual Corruptions), p. 263.
وَسُئِلَ شَيْخُ الْإِسْلَامِ - قَدَّسَ اللَّهُ رُوحَهُ -: هَلْ لَازِمُ الْمَذْهَبِ مَذْهَبٌ أَمْ لَا؟. فَأَجَابَ: وَأَمَّا قَوْلُ السَّائِلِ: هَلْ لَازِمُ الْمَذْهَبِ مَذْهَبٌ أَمْ لَيْسَ بِمَذْهَبِ؟ فَالصَّوَابُ: أَنَّ [لَازِمَ] (*) مَذْهَبَ الْإِنْسَانِ لَيْسَ بِمَذْهَبِ لَهُ إذَا لَمْ يَلْتَزِمْهُ؛ فَإِنَّهُ إذَا كَانَ قَدْ أَنْكَرَهُ وَنَفَاهُ كَانَتْ إضَافَتُهُ إلَيْهِ كَذِبًا عَلَيْهِ بَلْ ذَلِكَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى فَسَادِ قَوْلِهِ وَتَنَاقُضِهِ فِي الْمَقَالِ غَيْرِ الْتِزَامِهِ اللَّوَازِمَ الَّتِي يَظْهَرُ أَنَّهَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الْكُفْرِ وَالْمِحَالِ مِمَّا هُوَ أَكْثَرُ فَاَلَّذِينَ قَالُوا بِأَقْوَالِ يَلْزَمُهَا أَقْوَالٌ يُعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَلْتَزِمُهَا لَكِنْ لَمْ يُعْلَمْ أَنَّهَا تَلْزَمُهُ وَلَوْ كَانَ لَازِمُ الْمَذْهَبِ مَذْهَبًا لَلَزِمَ تَكْفِيرُ كُلِّ مَنْ قَالَ عَنْ الِاسْتِوَاءِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ مِنْ الصِّفَاتِ أَنَّهُ مَجَازٌ لَيْسَ بِحَقِيقَةِ؛ فَإِنَّ لَازِمَ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ يَقْتَضِي أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَسْمَائِهِ أَوْ صِفَاتِهِ حَقِيقَةً وَكُلُّ مَنْ لَمْ يُثْبِتْ بَيْنَ الِاسْمَيْنِ قَدْرًا مُشْتَرَكًا لَزِمَ أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ الْإِيمَانِ بِاَللَّهِ وَمَعْرِفَتِهِ وَالْإِقْرَارِ بِهِ إيمَانًا؛ فَإِنَّهُ مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ يُثْبِتُهُ الْقَلْبُ إلَّا وَيُقَالُ فِيهِ نَظِيرُ مَا يُقَالُ فِي الْآخَرِ وَلَازِمُ قَوْلِ هَؤُلَاءِ يَسْتَلْزِمُ قَوْلَ غُلَاةِ الْمَلَاحِدَةِ الْمُعَطِّلِينَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ أَكْفَرُ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ وَالنَّصَارَى.
(*) ما بين معقوفتين غير موجود في المطبوع، والمثبت من كتاب صيانة مجموع الفتاوى من السقط والتصحيف ص ٢٦٣

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