Al-Hisba fi al-Islam - Ibn Taimiya - (8)

Al-Hisba fi al-IslamIbn Taimiya

gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they shall remain forever; that is the supreme triumph. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and oversteps His limits, He will admit him to a Fire in which he will abide forever, and he will have a humiliating punishment. ⦗4:13⦘

The Prophet ﷺ used to say in his Friday sermon: “The best speech is the speech of Allah, the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad, and the worst of matters are those newly introduced.”1
He would also say in the khuṭbat al-ḥājah (the Sermon of Need): “Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has indeed been rightly guided, and whoever disobeys them harms only himself; he can never harm Allah in the least.”2

Allah sent His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ with the finest paths and the most excellent laws, and He revealed to him the noblest of Books. He dispatched him to the best community ever raised for humankind, perfected for him and for his nation the religion, completed His favor upon them, and made Paradise unlawful to anyone who does not believe in him and in what he brought. He accepts from no one any religion other than the Islam with which he came; whoever seeks a religion other than it will never have it accepted, and in the Hereafter he will be among the losers.

In His Book He has declared that He sent down the Scripture and iron so that people might uphold justice. The Exalted says:

“We certainly sent Our messengers with clear proofs, and We sent down with them the Scripture and the balance so that people might uphold justice; and We sent down iron, in which is great might and benefits for mankind, so that Allah may know who will support Him…” ⦗57:25⦘

(1) The version closest to the present wording is found in Sunan al-Nasai, 3/58: “The finest speech … and the finest guidance,” and in Sunan Ibn Majah, 1/17: “For the best of affairs is the Book of Allah,” both transmitted from Jabir ibn Abd Allah. Muslim reports the same from him in his Sahih, 6/403-404, with the wording: “The best discourse is the Book of Allah, and the best guidance …,” and similar variants are recorded by Ahmad in his Musnad, 3/371, as well as by al-Bukhari in his Sahih, 10/509 and 13/249. Another report from Jabir appears in Musnad Ahmad, 3/319, and yet another in 3/310, this time phrased: “The most truthful discourse … and the most excellent guidance.” (2) Abu Dawud (6/156) and others narrate this wording from Abd Allah ibn Masud. Al-Albani judged the chain weak, remarking: “Its isnad is unreliable; the flaw lies in Abu Ayyad, the Madani.” Ibn Hajar, in Taqrib al-Tahdhib, classes him as “unknown.” In contrast, Imam al-Nawawi declared the isnad sound, but, al-Albani argues, al-Nawawi was “furthest from accuracy” when he wrote in Sharh Sahih Muslim, 6/160: “Its chain is authentic.” Al-Albani also notes textual irregularity in the phrase “and whoever disobeys them,” since the Prophet expressly forbade this construction, as shown in the hadith of Adi ibn Hatim where the Prophet said: “What a bad preacher you are! Say: and whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger.” For a detailed discussion, see Shaykh al-Albani’s sermon on the subject.

خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ، وَمَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ نَارًا خَالِدًا فِيهَا وَلَهُ عَذَابٌ مُهِينٌ﴾ [النساء: ١٣] . وكان النبي ﷺ يقول في خطبته للجمعة: "إن خير الكلام كلام الله وخير الهدي هدي محمد، وشر الأمور محدثاتها" ١. وكان يقول في خطبة الحاجة: "من يطع الله ورسوله فقد رشد، ومن يعصهما فإنه لا يضر إلا نفسه، ولن يضر الله شيئًا" ٢. وقد بعث الله رسوله محمدًا ﷺ بأفضل المناهج والشرائع، وأنزل عليه أفضل الكتب، فأرسله إلى خير أمة أخرجت للناس، وأكمل له ولأمته الدين، وأتم عليهم النعمة، وحرم الجنة إلا على من آمن به وبما جاء به، ولم يقبل من أحد إلا الإسلام الذي جاء به، فمن ابتغى غيره دينًا فلن يقبل منه وهو في الآخرة من الخاسرين. وأخبر في كتابه أنه أنزل الكتاب والحديد ليقوم الناس بالقسط؛ فقال تعالى: ﴿لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَأَنْزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِ وَأَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ

١ أقرب الروايات إلى هذا اللفظ ما عند النسائي في سننه "٣/ ٥٨" وفيها: "أحسن الكلام ... وأحسن الهدي"، وعند ابن ماجه في سننه "١/ ١٧" بلفظ: "فإن خير الأمور كتاب الله" كلاهما عن جابر بن عبد الله ﵁، وعنه رواه مسلم في صحيحه "٦/ ٤٠٣، ٤٠٤" بلفظ: "خير الحديث كتاب الله، وخير الهدي" ... إلخ الحديث"، ومثله وعنه أيضًا رواه الإمام أحمد في مسنده "٣/ ٣٧١" ورواه البخاري في صحيحه "١٠/ ٥٠٩، ١٣/ ٢٤٩"، ومثله لكن عن جابر بن عبد الله في مسند الإمام أحمد "٣/ ٣١٩"، وفي المسند أيضًا "٣/ ٣١٠" ولكن بلفظ آخر فيه: " أصدق الحديث ... وأفضل الهدي". ٢ بهذا اللفظ رواه أبو داود "٦/ ١٥٦" وغيره عن "عبد الله بن مسعود" وقد ضعفه الألباني وقال: "هذا سند ضعيف وعلته أبو عياض هذا وهو المدني"، قال الحافظ في "التقريب": "وهو مجهول" وصححه الإمام النووي، وقال الشيخ "الألباني": وكان أبعدهم عن الصواب الإمام النووي ﵀ حيث قال في "شرح صحيح مسلم" "٦/ ١٦٠": "إسناده صحيح"- وقاله: ثم إن في متن الحديث نكارة وهي قوله: "ومن يعصهما" فقد صح عنه ﷺ: "النهي عن هذه اللفظة كما في حديث عدي بن حاتم: -ذكر الحديث وفيه- فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "بئس الخطيب أنت، قل: ومن يعص الله ورسوله". "انظر خطبة للشيخ الألباني فيه تفصيل".