Section: Fraud and deception in blood-money cases
...
Section: Fraud and deception in matters of religion
Fraud and deception in matters of religion manifest themselves in innovations that contradict the Qur’an, the Sunna, and the unanimous consensus of the early generations of the community, whether in word or in deed. Such things include introducing al-mukāʾ1 and al-taṣdiyah2 into the mosques of the Muslims; reviling the great majority of the Companions and of the Muslims at large, or reviling the scholars, shaykhs, and governors who are universally recognized for their uprightness;

denial of the Prophet’s ﷺ hadiths that the scholars have accepted;

relating fabricated reports that are falsely attributed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ;

exaggeration in religion that elevates human beings to the rank of the divine;

permitting departure from the law of the Prophet ﷺ;

heresy with respect to Allah’s names and verses, distorting words from their proper contexts, denying the divine decree, and setting His commands and prohibitions in opposition to His preordained will;

displaying magical illusions, natural sleight-of-hand, and similar feats that imitate the miracles granted to the prophets and the extraordinary gifts bestowed upon the allies of Allah, with the purpose of turning people away from the path of Allah or leading them to think well of those who do not deserve it. This is a vast subject whose full description would be lengthy.

Whoever is found committing any of these reprehensible acts must be stopped and punished accordingly if he persists until he can be apprehended, in the manner prescribed by the Sacred Law—whether execution, flogging, or some other penalty.

1 al-mukāʾ (whistling)
2 al-taṣdiyah (clapping)