Muwaffaq al-Dīn Abū Muhammad ibn Qudāma al-Maqdisī. Al-Suhrawardī said, “I had resolved to study something of speculative theology, but was undecided whether to read al-Irshād by Imām al-Haramayn, Nihāyat al-Iqdām by al-Shahrastānī, or a book by his teacher. I went with my maternal uncle, Abū al-Najīb, who used to pray beside Shaykh ʿAbd al-Qādir. Shaykh ʿAbd al-Qādir turned to me and said, ‘O ʿUmar, that is no provision for the grave! That is no provision for the grave!’ So I abandoned the idea.” He thus reported that the shaykh had disclosed to him what was in his heart and had forbidden him to pursue the speculative theology with which al-Qushayrī and others like him were associated.

Likewise, Shaykh Abū al-Hasan ibn Ghānim told me that he had heard his maternal uncle, Shaykh Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Arūmī, relate that he had a teacher who instructed him and had taught him the creed of