derived from remembering Allah and praying endures and dispels worries and sorrows; its relief is not confined to the time of prayer. As Allah Most High says:

“And seek help through patience and prayer.” Surah al-Baqarah 2:45.

And He says:

“Indeed, prayer prohibits immorality and wrongdoing.” Surah al-‘Ankabūt 29:45.

This pleasure and its great, noble benefit, which wards off harm, render unnecessary that limited pleasure which prevents something more perfect and brings harm outweighing it. This kind of intoxication is bodily.

Another kind of intoxication arises from love of physical forms, whether those of women or boys. When love takes firm hold and the lover attains union with the beloved, he may become intoxicated. As someone said:

“Drunk with passion and drunk with wine—
When will one doubly drunk regain his senses?”

During intercourse, most people’s discernment also diminishes; this is the beginning of intoxication.

Another kind of intoxication arises from love of leadership and wealth, or from gratifying one’s anger. When this becomes intense, it produces intoxication. These things may produce intoxication because intoxication is akin to that which induces overpowering pleasure that overwhelms reason.