him to finish the man off once he has knocked him to the ground or wounded him; and if he takes him captive, he is not allowed to kill him or to carry out the prescribed penalty on him. Instead, he must bring the case before the one whom Allah has vested with authority, so that he may pass judgment on it.

23 – We do not declare of any member of the People of the qiblah, on the basis of whatever act he performs, that he is definitively destined for Paradise or for Hell. We hope for the righteous person while at the same time fearing for him, and we fear for the evildoer and sinner while still hoping that Allah will show him mercy.