The elder—who had fought at Badr alongside the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him—began to speak. Ibn ʿUmar continued, “I was standing next to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, with this very elder beside me when a man entered: his hair was neatly groomed and fell to his shoulders, he wore a turban, and we took him to be a desert Bedouin. He stepped through the people until he stood directly before the Messenger of Allah and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, what is īmān?’ He answered, ‘It is to bear witness that there is no deity but Allah…’