and Abū Ḥanīfah—may Allah have mercy on him—said: “It has reached me from Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib that he stated, ‘Whoever does not consign the unbelievers to their rightful place in the Fire is the same as they are.’

I then asked, ‘Tell me about a person who believes yet neither prays, nor fasts, nor performs any of these deeds—does his faith profit him in any way?’

He replied, ‘He is under Allah’s decree: if He wills, He punishes him, and if He wills, He shows him mercy.’”