Section One: Defining Ḥadīth and Its Categories

Definition of the Term “Ḥadīth”

Be aware that, in the usage of the overwhelming majority of ḥadīth scholars, the word “ḥadīth” refers to the Prophet’s ﷺ words, actions, and tacit approvals. A tacit approval (taqrīr) occurs when someone acts or speaks in his presence and he neither objects to it nor forbids it; rather, his silence serves as confirmation.

The term “ḥadīth” is likewise applied to the words, deeds, and tacit approvals of a Companion, and also to the words, deeds, and tacit approvals of a Follower (tābiʿī).