the one who stands (1) would be the one who sits, and the hot would be the cold.’ Yet he refused to recant his doctrine, so they anathematized him.

He appealed to the emperor, alleging that they had treated him unjustly, and asked the emperor to write to all the patriarchs for a public debate. The emperor therefore summoned the patriarchs and bishops (2) from every region to the city of Ephesus. There, the Patriarch (3) of Alexandria endorsed Eutyches’ doctrine and excommunicated the patriarchs of Constantinople, Antioch, Jerusalem, and all the other patriarchs and bishops.

He then wrote to the Patriarch of Rome and to the body of clergy, placing them under anathema and barring them (4) from the Eucharist unless they accepted Eutyches’ doctrine. The creed was thus corrupted and the doctrine (5) of Eutyches became confined to Egypt and Alexandria; this is the teaching of the Jacobites.

Thus the fifth council broke up, each faction anathematizing, excommunicating, and repudiating the doctrine (6) of the others.