Hidāyat al-ḤayārāIbn al-Qayyim

They also say (1): He is the very one who was born, suckled, and weaned; who was seized, crucified, and slapped; whose hands were tied, who was nailed to the cross, whose face was spat upon; who died and was buried, tasting the agony of crucifixion, nailing, and killing—all for the salvation of the Christians from their sins.

They add: In the view of our three denominations the Messiah is neither a prophet nor a righteous servant; rather, he is the Lord of the prophets—their Creator, Originator, Sender, Supporter, and Helper—and the Lord of the angels.

They say: His being “with” his mother is not in the sense of creation, governance, kindness (2), or assistance, for that would give her no distinction over other females or even animals. Instead, he is with her by virtue of her conceiving him and her womb enclosing him. For this reason she surpassed the females of all living creatures (3), and her son surpassed all creation (4). Thus God and His son—who descended from heaven, whom Mary conceived and bore—are one God, one Messiah, one Lord, one Creator: no separation can be posited between them, and their union can never be annulled in any respect—neither in conception nor in birth, neither in sleep nor in illness, neither in crucifixion nor in death or burial. Rather, he is united with him at the moment of conception, so that in that state he is one Messiah, one Creator, one God, one Lord; and the same holds true at birth, and at crucifixion and death.

They conclude: Among us are those who give full, unrestricted voice (5) to this meaning and declare:

(1) Manuscripts B and C read: “so they said.” (2) This wording occurs only in manuscript D. (3) Manuscripts G and S read: “all female animals.” (4) Manuscript G reads: “truth.” (5) Manuscripts G, S, and B read: “his worship.”
وقالوا (١): وهو الذي ولد ورَضِع وفُطِم، وأُخذ وصُلب وصفع، وكُتِّفت يداه، وسُمِرَ، وبُصِق في وجهه، ومات ودُفِن، وذاق أَلَمَ الصَّلْب والتَّسمير والقتل، لأجل خلاص النصارى من خطاياهم. قالوا: وليس المسيح عند طوائفنا الثلاثة بنبيٍّ ولا عَبْدٍ صالح، بل هو ربُّ الأنبياء وخالقُهم، وباعثُهم، ومُرْسِلُهم، وناصرُهم، ومؤيِّدهم، وربُّ الملائكة. قالوا: وليس مع أمه بمعنى الخلق والتدبير واللطف (٢) والمعونة، فإنه لا يكون لها بذلك مزية على سائر الإناث ولا الحيوانات. ولكنه معها بحَبَلِها به واحتواءِ بطنها عليه، فلهذا فارَقَتْ (إنَاث جميع الحيوانات) (٣) وفارق ابنُها جميع الخلق (٤)، فصار الله وابنه الذي نزل من السماء وحبلت به مريم وولدته: إلهًا واحدًا، ومسيحًا واحدًا، وربًّا واحدًا وخالقًا واحدًا، لا يقع بينهما فرق، ولا يبطل الاتحاد بينهما بوجه من الوجوه، لا في حَبَلِ ولا في ولادةٍ، ولا في حالِ نومٍ ولا مرضٍ، ولا صَلْبٍ ولا موتٍ، ولا دَفنٍ، بل هو متَّحدٌ به في حال الحبل، فهو في تلك الحالَ مسيحٌ واحد، وخالقٌ واحد، وإله واحدٌ وربٌّ واحد، وفي حال الولادة كذلك، وفي حال الصلب والموت كذلك. قالوا: فمنا مَنْ يُطْلِق في لفظه وعبارته (٥) حقيقةَ هذا المعنى فيقول:
(١) في "ب، ج": "فقالوا". (٢) من "د" فقط. (٣) في "غ، ص": "جميع إناث الحيوان". (٤) في "غ": "الحق". (٥) في "غ، ص، ب": "عبادته".

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