Hidāyat al-ḤayārāIbn al-Qayyim

And the Truthful and Trustworthy—he who never speaks from his own desire—testified that they are the very best of all generations. (1) Their Lord, exalted be He, likewise bore witness that they are the finest community ever brought forth. (2)

Their scholars and their disciples are the ones who filled the earth with knowledge: every scholar of Islam is either their direct student or a student of their students, and so on without end. The four Imams whose learning has spread east and west are themselves students of those students. The choicest learning they possess is that which reaches back to the Companions; the finest juristic reasoning stems from them; and the soundest Qurʾanic exegesis is that which is taken from them.

As for their discourse on the knowledge of Allah—His names and attributes, His actions, His decree and predestination—it occupies the loftiest rank. Whoever studies it, and knows what the prophets proclaimed, will realize (3) that their words are drawn from, and faithfully translate, that prophetic teaching. Every beneficial science in this ummah is extracted from their statements and derived through them.

Their pupils, and the pupils of those pupils, have likewise spread their compilations and legal verdicts across the world. Mālik’s rulings have been collected into several volumes, and the same is true for Abū Ḥanīfah. The writings of al-Shāfiʿī approach one hundred works, while Imam Aḥmad’s fatwas and authored books number almost one hundred volumes; of these, about twenty volumes of his legal opinions are in our possession. The greater part of his writings—indeed, all of them—draws upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, the Companions, and the Successors.

(1) As in the hadith: “The best of you are my generation, then those who come after them …,” recorded by al-Bukhari, Fada’il al-Sahaba, chapter “Merits of the Companions of the Prophet,” 4/1964. (2) Concerning the verse, “You are the best community ever raised for mankind” (Al Imran 3:110). See al-Baghawi, Tafsir, 1/403–404. (3) Missing in the Gh and Sad copies.
وقد شهد لهم الصادقُ المَصْدُوق الذي لا يَنْطِق عن الهوى: بأنهم خير القُرون على الإطلاق (١). كما شهد لهم ربُّهم ﵎ بأنهم خير الأُمم على الإطلاق (٢). وعلماؤهم وتلاميذهم هم الذين ملؤوا الأرض عِلمًا، فعلماء الإسلام كلُّهم تلاميذُهم وتلاميذُ تلاميذِهم وهلمَّ جرًّا. وهؤلاء الأئمة الأربعة الذين طبَّق عِلْمُهم الأرض شرقًا وغربًا هم تلاميذُ تلاميذِهم. وخيارُ ما عندَهم ما كان عن الصحابة، وخيارُ الفقه ما كان عنهم، وأصحُّ التفسير ما أُخِذ عنهم. وأما كلامُهم في باب معرفة الله وأسمائه وصفاته، وأفعاله، وقضائه وقدره؛ ففي أعلى المراتب؛ فمن وقف عليه وعرف ما قالَتْه الأنبياءُ عَرفَ (٣) أنه مشتقٌّ منه مُتَرْجَم عنه، وكلُّ علمٍ نافعٍ في الأمة فهو مُسْتنبَطٌ من كلامهم ومأخوذٌ عنهم. وهؤلاء تلاميذهم وتلاميذ تلاميذهم؛ قد طبَّقتْ تصانيفُهم وفتاويهم الأرضَ. فهذا مالكٌ جمعت فتاويه في عِدَّة أسفار، وكذلك أبو حنيفة، وهذه تصانيف الشافعيِّ تقارب المائة، وهذا الإمام أحمد بلغت فتاويه وتآليفه نحو مائة سِفْر، وفتاويه عندنا في نحو عشرين سِفْرًا، وغالب تصانيفه، بل كلُّها عن رسول الله ﷺ وعن الصحابة والتابعين.
(١) كما في حديث: "خيركم قرني ثم الذين يلونهم … " أخرجه البخاري في فضائل الصحابة، باب فضائل أصحاب النبي ﷺ: (٤/ ١٩٦٤). (٢) في قوله تعالى: ﴿كُنْتُمْ خَيْرَ أُمَّةٍ أُخْرِجَتْ لِلنَّاسِ﴾ [آل عمران: ١١٠]. انظر: "تفسير البغوي": (١/ ٤٠٣ - ٤٠٤). (٣) ساقطة من "غ، ص".

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