Third: Those who are referred back to their grandfather

• The Companion Abū ʿUbaydah ibn al-Jarrāḥ—his given name is ʿĀmir ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Jarrāḥ;
• Ḥamal ibn al-Nābighah, who is actually the son of Mālik ibn al-Nābighah;
• Mujmaʿ—alternatively read Mujmiʿ—ibn Jāriyah (with a jīm); he is in fact the son of Yazīd ibn Jāriyah;
• Abū Jurayj ʿAbd al-Malik ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Jurayj;
• The family of al-Mājishūn, the jīm pronounced with a kasrah and the shīn with a ḍammah. Among them is Yūsuf ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Abī Salamah al-Mājishūn. Al-Mājishūn was originally a sobriquet of Yaʿqūb and came to be applied to his sons and to the sons of his brother ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Salamah al-Mājishūn; its literal sense is “white and red.”
• Ibn Abī Laylā, the jurist Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Laylā;
• Ibn Abī Mulaykah, ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Abī Mulaykah;
• Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal—his full name is Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥanbal;
• The sons of Abū Shaybah—Abū Bakr, ʿUthmān, and al-Qāsim—are the sons of Muḥammad ibn Abī Shaybah.

Fourth: Those traced to someone unrelated to them for a particular reason

• Al-Miqdād ibn ʿAmr al-Kindī is called “Ibn al-Aswad” because he had been under the care of al-Aswad ibn ʿAbd Yaghūth, who adopted him;
• Al-Ḥasan ibn Dīnār takes his name from his mother’s husband, whereas his own father was Wāṣil.

And Allah knows best.

Type Fifty-Eight
Genealogies whose outward wording is contrary to the reality

• Abū Masʿūd al-Badri did not witness the Battle of Badr, according to the majority, but later took up residence there;
• Sulaymān al-Taymī lived among the Banū Taym yet was not actually one of them.