—with zāʾ; and in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, in the ḥadīth of Abū al-Yusr, the wording runs: “So-and-so al-Ḥarāmī owed me such-and-such.” It has also been read with rāʾ, with zāʾ, and as al-Judhāmī, with jīm and dhāl.

As for the nisbah as-Sulamī among the Anṣār, the initial vowel is fatḥa, though one dialect allows a kasra on the lām. Within the clan of Banū Sulaym the sīn is pronounced with ḍamma.

Al-Hamdānī is always written with sukūn and with the undotted ḥāʾ. Allah knows best.

Section Fifty-Four
The “Identical and Distinct” (al-muttafiq wa’l-muf'tariq)
This group comprises names that are identical in both spelling and pronunciation. Al-Khaṭīb devoted an invaluable monograph to the topic, and it branches into several categories.

1. Their own names and their fathers’ names are the same.
   There are six men called Khalīl ibn Aḥmad:

   1. the teacher of Sībawayh—no one bore the name Aḥmad after our Prophet ﷺ before the father of this Khalīl;
   2. Abū Bashīr al-Muzanī of Basra;
   3. one from Iṣfahān;
   4. Abū Saʿīd as-Sijzī, the Ḥanafī judge;
   5. Abū Saʿīd al-Bustī, the judge from whom al-Bayhaqī transmitted;
   6. Abū Saʿīd al-Bustī the Shāfiʿī, from whom Abū al-ʿAbbās al-ʿUdhri narrated.

2. Their names, their fathers’ names, and their grandfathers’ names all coincide.
   Four men are called Aḥmad ibn Jaʿfar ibn Ḥamdān, each of whom narrates from someone named ʿAbdallāh and all of whom lived in the same period:

   1. al-Qaṭīʿī, Abū Bakr, who transmits from ʿAbdallāh ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal;
   2. as-Saqṭī, Abū Bakr, from ʿAbdallāh ibn Aḥmad ad-Dūrqī;
   3. the Dīnawarī, from ʿAbdallāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Sinān;
   4. the Ṭarṭūsī, from ʿAbdallāh ibn Jābir aṭ-Ṭarṭūsī.

Likewise, two contemporaries were named Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Yūsuf an-Naysābūrī, both of whom were teachers of al-Ḥākim: one was Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Aṣamm, and the other Abū ʿAbdallāh ibn al-Akhram, the ḥāfiẓ.