Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (443)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(62–63) “They assign to Allah what they themselves dislike, while their tongues falsely assert that the best outcome will be theirs. Assuredly, the Fire will be theirs, and they will be consigned to it. * By Allah, We certainly sent messengers to nations before you, but Satan made their deeds seem fair to them. He is therefore their ally today, and they will have a painful punishment.”

Allah Most High informs us that the polytheists “assign to Allah what they themselves dislike”—namely daughters and the vile attribution of partners to Him, which consists in directing any act of worship to created beings who are merely servants of Allah. They dislike and would never accept that their own servants—who are created beings of the same kind as themselves—should be their partners in what Allah has provided them. How, then, can they assign to Him partners from among His servants?

Yet despite committing this grave offense, “their tongues falsely assert that the best outcome will be theirs”; that is, they claim that they will enjoy a favorable condition in this world and the Hereafter. He refuted them with His words: “Assuredly, the Fire will be theirs, and they will be consigned to it”—delivered into it, abiding there and never to leave it.

Allah Most High explained to His Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—that he was not the first messenger to be rejected, saying: “By Allah, We certainly sent messengers to nations before you,” calling them to monotheism. “But Satan made their deeds seem fair to them,” so they rejected the messengers and claimed that their own way was the truth that would save them from every evil, whereas the message to which the messengers called them was the opposite. Once Satan had made their deeds seem fair to them, he became their ally in this world, and they obeyed him, followed him, and gave him their allegiance.

“Will you then take him and his descendants as allies instead of Me, though they are enemies to you? What an evil exchange for the wrongdoers!” “And they will have a painful punishment” in the Hereafter, for they turned away from the patronage of the Most Merciful and were content with Satan’s patronage, thereby deserving a humiliating punishment.

﴿٦٢ - ٦٣﴾ ﴿وَيَجْعَلُونَ لِلَّهِ مَا يَكْرَهُونَ وَتَصِفُ أَلْسِنَتُهُمُ الْكَذِبَ أَنَّ لَهُمُالْحُسْنَى لا جَرَمَ أَنَّ لَهُمُالنَّارَ وَأَنَّهُمْ مُفْرَطُونَ * تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى أُمَمٍ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ فَزَيَّنَ لَهُمُالشَّيْطَانُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ فَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُمُ الْيَوْمَ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ﴾ يخبر تعالى أن المشركين ﴿وَيَجْعَلُونَ لِلَّهِ مَا يَكْرَهُونَ﴾ من البنات، ومن الأوصاف القبيحة وهو الشرك بصرف شيء من العبادات إلى بعض المخلوقات التي هي عبيد لله، فكما أنهم يكرهون، ولا يرضون أن يكون عبيدهم -وهم مخلوقون من جنسهم- شركاء لهم فيما رزقهم الله فكيف يجعلون له شركاء من عبيده؟ " ﴿وَ﴾ هم مع هذه الإساءة العظيمة ﴿تَصِفُ أَلْسِنَتُهُمُ الْكَذِبَ أَنَّ لَهُمُ الْحُسْنَى﴾ أي: أن لهم الحالة الحسنة في الدنيا والآخرة، رد عليهم بقوله: ﴿لا جَرَمَ أَنَّ لَهُمُ النَّارَ وَأَنَّهُمْ مُفْرَطُونَ﴾ مقدمون إليها ماكثون فيها غير خارجين منها أبدا. بيَّن تعالى لرسوله ﷺ أنه ليس هو أول رسول كُذِّب فقال [تعالى] : ﴿تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى أُمَمٍ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ﴾ رسلا يدعونهم إلى التوحيد، ﴿فَزَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ﴾ فكذبوا الرسل، وزعموا أن ما هم عليه، هو الحق المنجي من كل مكروه وأن ما دعت إليه الرسل فهو بخلاف ذلك، فلما زين لهم الشيطان أعمالهم، صار وليهم في الدنيا، فأطاعوه واتبعوه وتولوه. ﴿أَفَتَتَّخِذُونَهُ وَذُرِّيَّتَهُ أَوْلِيَاءَ مِنْ دُونِي وَهُمْ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ بِئْسَ لِلظَّالِمِينَ بَدَلا﴾ ﴿وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ﴾ في الآخرة حيث تولوا عن ولاية الرحمن، ورضوا بولاية الشيطان فاستحقوا لذلك عذاب الهوان.