Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (379)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

“Such people could not escape Allah on earth, nor did they have any protectors besides Him. Their punishment will be multiplied. They were unable to hear, nor could they see. * It is they who have lost their own souls, and what they fabricated has vanished from them. * Without question, in the Hereafter they will be the greatest losers.”

“Such people could not escape Allah on earth”—that is, they could not elude Allah, for they are in His grasp and under His dominion.

“Nor did they have any protectors besides Him” who could ward off harm from them or secure any benefit for them. Rather, every means of escape was cut off from them.

“Their punishment will be multiplied”—that is, it will be intensified and increased, because they themselves went astray and led others astray.

“They were unable to hear”—that is, because of their hatred for the truth and aversion to it, they were unable to hear Allah’s signs in a manner that would benefit them: “What is the matter with them that they turn away from the reminder, as though they were startled donkeys fleeing from a lion?” “Nor could they see”—that is, they did not look ⦗380⦘ in a manner that would lead them to take heed and reflect upon what would benefit them. Rather, they were like the deaf and mute who do not understand.

“It is they who have lost their own souls,” for they deprived them of the greatest reward and made them deserving of the severest punishment. “And what they fabricated has vanished from them”—that is, the religion to which they called others and which they made appear attractive came to nothing. Their deities, whom they worshipped besides Allah, availed them nothing when your Lord’s command came.

“Without question”—that is, truly and certainly—“in the Hereafter they will be the greatest losers.” He singles them out as the losers and, indeed, assigns them the severest degree of loss because of their profound regret and deprivation, and the hardship and punishment they will endure. We seek Allah’s protection from their fate.

After describing the plight of the wretched, He mentioned the qualities of the blessed and the reward awaiting them with Allah. He said:

﴿أُولَئِكَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا مُعْجِزِينَ فِي الأرْضِ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءَ يُضَاعَفُ لَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مَا كَانُوا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ السَّمْعَ وَمَا كَانُوا يُبْصِرُونَ * أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ * لا جَرَمَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي الآخِرَةِ هُمُ الأخْسَرُونَ﴾ . ﴿أُولَئِكَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا مُعْجِزِينَ فِي الأرْضِ﴾ أي: ليسوا فائتين الله، لأنهم تحت قبضته وفي سلطانه. ﴿وَمَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءَ﴾ فيدفعون عنهم المكروه، أو يحصلون لهم ما ينفعهم، بل تقطعت بهم الأسباب. ﴿يُضَاعَفُ لَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ﴾ أي: يغلظ ويزداد، لأنهم ضلوا بأنفسهم وأضلوا غيرهم. ﴿مَا كَانُوا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ السَّمْعَ﴾ أي: من بغضهم للحق ونفورهم عنه، ما كانوا يستطيعون أن يسمعوا آيات الله سماعا ينتفعون به ﴿فَمَا لَهُمْ عَنِ التَّذْكِرَةِ مُعْرِضِينَ * كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُرٌ مُسْتَنْفِرَةٌ * فَرَّتْ مِنْ قَسْوَرَةٍ﴾ ﴿وَمَا كَانُوا يُبْصِرُونَ﴾ أي ينظرون نظر ⦗٣٨٠⦘ عبرة وتفكر فيما ينفعهم وإنما هم كالصم البكم الذين لا يعقلون ﴿أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ﴾ حيث فوتوها أعظم الثواب واستحقوا أشد العذاب ﴿وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ﴾ أي اضمحل دينهم الذي يدعون إليه ويحسنونه ولم تغن عنهم آلهتهم التي يعبدون من دون الله لما جاء أمر ربك ﴿لا جَرَمَ﴾ أي حقا وصدقا ﴿أَنَّهُمْ فِي الآخِرَةِ هُمُ الأخْسَرُونَ﴾ حصر الخسار فيهم بل جعل لهم منه أشده لشدة حسرتهم وحرمانهم وما يعانون من المشقة والعذاب نستجير بالله من حالهم ولما ذكر حال الأشقياء ذكر أوصاف السعداء وما لهم عند الله من الثواب فقال