Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadiโ€™

(104โ€“105) โ€œO you who believe, do not say, โ€˜Attend to us,โ€™ but say, โ€˜Give us your attention,โ€™ and listen. And for the disbelievers is a painful punishment. * Neither those who disbelieve among the People of the Scripture nor the polytheists wish that any good should be sent down to you from your Lord. But Allah singles out for His mercy whomever He wills, and Allah is the Possessor of immense bounty.โ€

When addressing the Messenger while learning matters of religion, the Muslims used to say, โ€œAttend to us,โ€ meaning: Be mindful of our circumstances. They intended a sound meaning by it, whereas the Jews intended a corrupt meaning. They seized the opportunity and began addressing the Messenger with the same expression while intending that corrupt meaning. Allah therefore forbade the believers from using this expression, thereby closing off that avenue. This establishes that something permissible may be prohibited when it serves as a means to something forbidden. It also teaches proper etiquette: using expressions that admit only a good meaning, avoiding obscenity, and abandoning ugly words or those that may cause confusion or carry an improper meaning. He therefore commanded them to use an expression that admitted only a good meaning, saying, โ€œBut say, โ€˜Give us your attention,โ€™โ€ for this was sufficient to achieve the intended purpose without anything objectionable.

โ€œAnd listen.โ€ He did not specify what was to be heard, so that this would encompass everything they were commanded to hear. This includes listening to the Quran and to the sunnahโ€”which is wisdomโ€”heeding both their wording and meaning and responding obediently. Thus, the verse teaches proper etiquette and obedience.

He then threatened the disbelievers with a painful, excruciating punishment and described the hostility of the Jews and polytheists toward the believers: they do not wish โ€œthat any good should be sent down to youโ€โ€”whether little or muchโ€”โ€œfrom your Lord,โ€ out of envy toward you and hatred that He should single you out for His bounty. Yet He is โ€œthe Possessor of immense bounty.โ€ Part of His bounty toward you is that He sent down the Book to your Messenger so that he might purify you, teach you the Book and wisdom, and teach you what you did not know. To Him, therefore, belong all praise and gracious favor.

๏ดฟูกู ูค - ูกู ูฅ๏ดพ ๏ดฟูŠูŽุง ุฃูŽูŠูู‘ู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ูŽู‘ุฐููŠู†ูŽ ุขู…ูŽู†ููˆุง ู„ุง ุชูŽู‚ููˆู„ููˆุง ุฑูŽุงุนูู†ูŽุง ูˆูŽู‚ููˆู„ููˆุง ุงู†ู’ุธูุฑู’ู†ูŽุง ูˆูŽุงุณู’ู…ูŽุนููˆุง ูˆูŽู„ูู„ู’ูƒูŽุงููุฑููŠู†ูŽ ุนูŽุฐูŽุงุจูŒ ุฃูŽู„ููŠู…ูŒ * ู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽูˆูŽุฏูู‘ ุงู„ูŽู‘ุฐููŠู†ูŽ ูƒูŽููŽุฑููˆุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽู‡ู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ูƒูุชูŽุงุจู ูˆูŽู„ุง ุงู„ู’ู…ูุดู’ุฑููƒููŠู†ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูู†ูŽุฒูŽู‘ู„ูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ูƒูู…ู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฎูŽูŠู’ุฑู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฑูŽุจูู‘ูƒูู…ู’ ูˆูŽุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ูŠูŽุฎู’ุชูŽุตูู‘ ุจูุฑูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุชูู‡ู ู…ูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุดูŽุงุกู ูˆูŽุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ุฐููˆ ุงู„ู’ููŽุถู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุธููŠู…ู๏ดพ . ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ุณู„ู…ูˆู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ุญูŠู† ุฎุทุงุจู‡ู… ู„ู„ุฑุณูˆู„ ุนู†ุฏ ุชุนู„ู…ู‡ู… ุฃู…ุฑ ุงู„ุฏูŠู†: ๏ดฟุฑูŽุงุนูู†ูŽุง๏ดพ ุฃูŠ: ุฑุงุน ุฃุญูˆุงู„ู†ุงุŒ ููŠู‚ุตุฏูˆู† ุจู‡ุง ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุตุญูŠุญุงุŒ ูˆูƒุงู† ุงู„ูŠู‡ูˆุฏ ูŠุฑูŠุฏูˆู† ุจู‡ุง ู…ุนู†ู‰ ูุงุณุฏุงุŒ ูุงู†ุชู‡ุฒูˆุง ุงู„ูุฑุตุฉุŒ ูุตุงุฑูˆุง ูŠุฎุงุทุจูˆู† ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู„ ุจุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูˆูŠู‚ุตุฏูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูุงุณุฏุŒ ูู†ู‡ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุคู…ู†ูŠู† ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉุŒ ุณุฏุง ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุงุจุŒ ูููŠู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‡ูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ุฌุงุฆุฒุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุญุฑู…ุŒ ูˆููŠู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฏุจุŒ ูˆุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุฃู„ูุงุธุŒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุง ุชุญุชู…ู„ ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ุญุณู†ุŒ ูˆุนุฏู… ุงู„ูุญุดุŒ ูˆุชุฑูƒ ุงู„ุฃู„ูุงุธ ุงู„ู‚ุจูŠุญุฉุŒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชูŠ ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูˆุน ุชุดูˆูŠุด ุฃูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุบูŠุฑ ู„ุงุฆู‚ุŒ ูุฃู…ุฑู‡ู… ุจู„ูุธุฉ ู„ุง ุชุญุชู…ู„ ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ุญุณู† ูู‚ุงู„: ๏ดฟูˆูŽู‚ููˆู„ููˆุง ุงู†ู’ุธูุฑู’ู†ูŽุง๏ดพ ูุฅู†ู‡ุง ูƒุงููŠุฉ ูŠุญุตู„ ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุญุฐูˆุฑุŒ ๏ดฟูˆูŽุงุณู’ู…ูŽุนููˆุง๏ดพ ู„ู… ูŠุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณู…ูˆุนุŒ ู„ูŠุนู… ู…ุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุงุณุชู…ุงุนู‡ุŒ ููŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠู‡ ุณู…ุงุน ุงู„ู‚ุฑุขู†ุŒ ูˆุณู…ุงุน ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุญูƒู…ุฉุŒ ู„ูุธุง ูˆู…ุนู†ู‰ ูˆุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉุŒ ูููŠู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฏุจ ูˆุงู„ุทุงุนุฉ. ุซู… ุชูˆุนุฏ ุงู„ูƒุงูุฑูŠู† ุจุงู„ุนุฐุงุจ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุนุŒ ูˆุฃุฎุจุฑ ุนู† ุนุฏุงูˆุฉ ุงู„ูŠู‡ูˆุฏ ูˆุงู„ู…ุดุฑูƒูŠู† ู„ู„ู…ุคู…ู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู…ุง ูŠูˆุฏูˆู† ๏ดฟุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูู†ุฒู„ูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ูƒูู…ู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฎูŽูŠู’ุฑู๏ดพ ุฃูŠ: ู„ุง ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุง ูˆู„ุง ูƒุซูŠุฑุง ๏ดฟู…ูู†ู’ ุฑูŽุจูู‘ูƒูู…ู’๏ดพ ุญุณุฏุง ู…ู†ู‡ู…ุŒ ูˆุจุบุถุง ู„ูƒู… ุฃู† ูŠุฎุชุตูƒู… ุจูุถู„ู‡ ูุฅู†ู‡ ๏ดฟุฐููˆ ุงู„ู’ููŽุถู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุธููŠู…ู๏ดพ ูˆู…ู† ูุถู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠูƒู…ุŒ ุฅู†ุฒุงู„ ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุณูˆู„ูƒู…ุŒ ู„ูŠุฒูƒูŠูƒู… ูˆูŠุนู„ู…ูƒู… ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจ ูˆุงู„ุญูƒู…ุฉุŒ ูˆูŠุนู„ู…ูƒู… ู…ุง ู„ู… ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู†ุŒ ูู„ู‡ ุงู„ุญู…ุฏ ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุฉ.

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