Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (356)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

“128–129. There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. Grievous to him is what causes you hardship; he is deeply concerned for you, and to the believers he is compassionate and merciful. * But if they turn away, say, ‘Allah is sufficient for me. There is no deity worthy of worship except Him. In Him I have placed my trust, and He is Lord of the Mighty Throne.’”

[The Most High] reminds His believing servants of His favor in sending among them the unlettered Prophet, who was one of their own. They knew his character, could readily learn from him, and did not disdain to submit to him. He—peace and blessings be upon him—was utterly sincere in advising them and striving for their welfare.

“Grievous to him is what causes you hardship”; that is, whatever burdens you and causes you distress is burdensome to him.

⦗357⦘

“He is deeply concerned for you”: he loves good for you and exerts every effort to bring it to you. He earnestly seeks to guide you to faith, detests evil for you, and exerts every effort to make you averse to it. “And to the believers he is compassionate and merciful”; that is, he shows them immense compassion and mercy and is more merciful to them than their own parents.

Therefore, his rights take precedence over the rights of all other created beings, and the Ummah is duty-bound to believe in him, honor him, support him, and revere him. “If” they believe, that is their good fortune and the divine success granted to them. But if “they turn away” from faith and righteous deeds, then continue upon your path, remain steadfast in your call, and say, “Allah is sufficient for me”; that is, Allah suffices me in everything that concerns me. “There is no deity worthy of worship except Him”; that is, none besides Him is rightfully worshipped.

“In Him I have placed my trust”; that is, I rely upon Him and place my confidence in Him to secure what benefits and repel what harms. “And He is Lord of the Mighty Throne,” which is the greatest of created things. Since He is Lord of the Mighty Throne, which encompasses all created things, then it follows all the more necessarily that He is Lord of everything beneath it.

The exegesis of Surah al-Tawbah is complete, through Allah’s aid and favor. To Allah belongs all praise, at the beginning and the end, outwardly and inwardly.

﴿١٢٨ - ١٢٩﴾ ﴿لَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ * فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُلْ حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَهُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ﴾ . يمتن [تعالى] على عباده المؤمنين بما بعث فيهم النبي الأمي الذي من أنفسهم، يعرفون حاله، ويتمكنون من الأخذ عنه، ولا يأنفون عن الانقياد له، وهو ﷺ في غاية النصح لهم، والسعي في مصالحهم. ﴿عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ﴾ أي: يشق عليه الأمر الذي يشق عليكم ويعنتكم. ⦗٣٥٧⦘ ﴿حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُمْ﴾ فيحب لكم الخير، ويسعى جهده في إيصاله إليكم، ويحرص على هدايتكم إلى الإيمان، ويكره لكم الشر، ويسعى جهده في تنفيركم عنه. ﴿بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ﴾ أي: شديد الرأفة والرحمة بهم، أرحم بهم من والديهم. ولهذا كان حقه مقدما على سائر حقوق الخلق، وواجب على الأمة الإيمان به، وتعظيمه، وتعزيره، وتوقيره ﴿فَإِنْ﴾ آمنوا، فذلك حظهم وتوفيقهم، وإن ﴿تَوَلَّوا﴾ عن الإيمان والعمل، فامض على سبيلك، ولا تزل في دعوتك، وقل ﴿حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ﴾ أي: الله كافيَّ في جميع ما أهمني، ﴿لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ﴾ أي: لا معبود بحق سواه. ﴿عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ﴾ أي: اعتمدت ووثقت به، في جلب ما ينفع، ودفع ما يضر، ﴿وَهُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ﴾ الذي هو أعظم المخلوقات. وإذا كان رب العرش العظيم، الذي وسع المخلوقات، كان ربا لما دونه من باب أولى وأحرى. تم تفسير سورة التوبة بعون الله ومنه فلله الحمد أولا وآخرا وظاهرا وباطنا.