Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (343)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(67–68) “The hypocrite men and hypocrite women are of one another. They enjoin what is wrong, forbid what is right, and withhold their hands. They forgot Allah, so He forgot them. Indeed, the hypocrites are the defiantly disobedient. * Allah has promised the hypocrite men, the hypocrite women, and the disbelievers the Fire of Hell, where they will remain forever. It is sufficient for them. Allah has cursed them, and they will have an abiding punishment.”

Allah Most High says: “The hypocrite men and hypocrite women are of one another,” because they share in hypocrisy and therefore share allegiance with one another. This excludes the believers from having allegiance with them.

He then mentioned the general characteristics of the hypocrites, from which not one of them, young or old, is exempt. He said: “They enjoin what is wrong”—namely, disbelief, wickedness, and disobedience.

“They forbid what is right”—namely, faith, noble character, righteous deeds, and good manners. “They withhold their hands” from charity and every avenue of benevolence. Thus He characterized them by miserliness.

“They forgot Allah,” remembering Him only rarely, “so He forgot them”—excluding them from His mercy. He therefore grants them no success in attaining any good and does not admit them into Paradise. Instead, He abandons them in the lowest depth of the Fire, where they will remain forever.

“Indeed, the hypocrites are the defiantly disobedient.” Defiant disobedience is ascribed exclusively to them because theirs is graver than that of others. This is evidenced by the fact that their punishment is more severe than that of others and that the believers were afflicted by their presence among them, while guarding against them was exceedingly difficult.

“Allah has promised the hypocrite men, the hypocrite women, and the disbelievers the Fire of Hell, where they will remain forever. It is sufficient for them. Allah has cursed them, and they will have an abiding punishment.” He joins the hypocrites and disbelievers together in the Fire, the curse, and eternal confinement therein because, in this world, they were united in disbelief, hostility toward Allah and His Messenger, and rejection of His revelations.

﴿٦٧ - ٦٨﴾ ﴿الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمُنْكَرِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَقْبِضُونَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ نَسُوا اللَّهَ فَنَسِيَهُمْ إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ * وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتِ وَالْكُفَّارَ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا هِيَ حَسْبُهُمْ وَلَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُقِيمٌ﴾ . يقول تعالى: ﴿الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ﴾ لأنهم اشتركوا في النفاق، فاشتركوا في تولي بعضهم بعضا، وفي هذا قطع للمؤمنين من ولايتهم. ثم ذكر وصف المنافقين العام، الذي لا يخرج منه صغير منهم ولا كبير، فقال: ﴿يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمُنْكَرِ﴾ وهو الكفر والفسوق والعصيان. ﴿وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِ﴾ وهو الإيمان، والأخلاق الفاضلة، والأعمال الصالحة، والآداب الحسنة. ﴿وَيَقْبِضُونَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ﴾ عن الصدقة وطرق الإحسان، فوصفهم البخل. ﴿نَسُوا اللَّهَ﴾ فلا يذكرونه إلا قليلا ﴿فَنَسِيَهُمْ﴾ من رحمته، فلا يوفقهم لخير، ولا يدخلهم الجنة، بل يتركهم في الدرك الأسفل من النار، خالدين فيها مخلدين. ﴿إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ﴾ حصر الفسق فيهم، لأن فسقهم أعظم من فسق غيرهم، بدليل أن عذابهم أشد من عذاب غيرهم، وأن المؤمنين قد ابتلوا بهم، إذ كانوا بين أظهرهم، والاحتراز منهم شديد. ﴿وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتِ وَالْكُفَّارَ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا هِيَ حَسْبُهُمْ وَلَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُقِيمٌ﴾ جمع المنافقين والكفار في النار، واللعنة والخلود في ذلك، لاجتماعهم في الدنيا على الكفر، والمعاداة لله ورسوله، والكفر بآياته.