Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (259)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

⦗59⦘ “With Him are the keys of the unseen; none knows them except Him. He knows whatever is on land and in the sea. Not a leaf falls without His knowledge, nor is there a grain amid the darkness of the earth, nor anything moist or dry, but that it is in a clear Record.”

This magnificent verse is among those that describe His all-encompassing knowledge in greatest detail. It shows that His knowledge embraces every unseen matter, some of which He discloses to whomever He wills among His creation. Yet He has withheld knowledge of many of them from even the angels brought near and the messengers He sent, let alone all other created beings. He knows everything in the wildernesses and deserts—the animals, trees, sand, pebbles, and soil—as well as the creatures, minerals, and catch found in the seas, and all else contained within their expanses and encompassed by their waters.

“Not a leaf falls”—from any tree on land or in the sea, in inhabited lands or wildernesses, in this world or the Hereafter—“without His knowledge; nor is there a grain amid the darkness of the earth,” whether a seed from fruit or crops, a seed sown by created beings, or the seed of a wild plant from which He brings forth the various kinds of vegetation.

“Nor anything moist or dry”—this is a general statement following the specific examples—“but that it is in a clear Record,” namely, the Preserved Tablet, which encompasses and contains all of them. Even part of what has been mentioned here overwhelms the minds of the intelligent and staggers the hearts of the noble. This demonstrates the greatness of the Almighty Lord and the boundlessness of all His attributes.

Were all created beings, from the first to the last, to join together in an attempt to comprehend even some of His attributes, they would possess neither the capacity nor the power to do so. Blessed and Exalted is the Almighty Lord—the All-Embracing, the All-Knowing, the Praiseworthy, the Glorious, the Witness, the All-Encompassing.

How majestic a God He is! None can fully enumerate His praise. Rather, He is as He has praised Himself and beyond whatever praise His servants may offer Him. This verse thus establishes that His knowledge encompasses all things and that His Book encompasses every event.

﴿٥٩﴾ ﴿وَعِنْدَهُ مَفَاتِحُ الْغَيْبِ لا يَعْلَمُهَا إِلا هُوَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ وَمَا تَسْقُطُ مِنْ وَرَقَةٍ إِلا يَعْلَمُهَا وَلا حَبَّةٍ فِي ظُلُمَاتِ الأرْضِ وَلا رَطْبٍ وَلا يَابِسٍ إِلا فِي كِتَابٍ مُبِينٍ﴾ . هذه الآية العظيمة، من أعظم الآيات تفصيلا لعلمه المحيط، وأنه شامل للغيوب كلها، التي يطلع منها ما شاء من خلقه. وكثير منها طوى علمه عن الملائكة المقربين، والأنبياء المرسلين، فضلا عن غيرهم من العالمين، وأنه يعلم ما في البراري والقفار، من الحيوانات، والأشجار، والرمال والحصى، والتراب، وما في البحار من حيواناتها، ومعادنها، وصيدها، وغير ذلك مما تحتويه أرجاؤها، ويشتمل عليه ماؤها. ﴿وَمَا تَسْقُطُ مِنْ وَرَقَةٍ﴾ من أشجار البر والبحر، والبلدان والقفر، والدنيا والآخرة ﴿إِلا يَعْلَمُهَا وَلا حَبَّةٍ فِي ظُلُمَاتِ الأرْضِ﴾ من حبوب الثمار والزروع، وحبوب البذور التي يبذرها الخلق؛ وبذور النوابت البرية التيينشئ منها أصناف النباتات. ﴿وَلا رَطْبٍ وَلا يَابِسٍ﴾ هذا عموم بعد خصوص ﴿إِلا فِي كِتَابٍ مُبِينٍ﴾ وهو اللوح المحفوظ، قد حواها، واشتمل عليها، وبعض هذا المذكور، يبهر عقول العقلاء، ويذهل أفئدة النبلاء، فدل هذا على عظمة الرب العظيم وسعته، في أوصافه كلها. وأن الخلق -من أولهم إلى آخرهم- لو اجتمعوا على أن يحيطوا ببعض صفاته، لم يكن لهم قدرة ولا وسع في ذلك، فتبارك الرب العظيم، الواسع العليم، الحميد المجيد، الشهيد، المحيط. وجل مِنْ إله، لا يحصي أحد ثناء عليه، بل كما أثنى على نفسه، وفوق ما يثني عليه عباده، فهذه الآية، دلت على علمه المحيط بجميع الأشياء، وكتابه المحيط بجميع الحوادث.