Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (253)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

Allah Most High informs us of the fate of those who associated partners with Him on the Day of Resurrection. They will be questioned and rebuked: “Where are the partners you used to claim?” Allah has no partner; those partners were merely their false claim and fabrication. “Then their only response when put to the test” means that, when tested by that question, their sole answer will be to deny their association of partners with Allah and swear that they were not among those who did so. “See”—in astonishment at them and their condition—“how they lie against themselves.” They told a lie whose ruin rebounded upon them and which, by Allah, caused them the utmost harm. “And how what they used to fabricate has vanished from them”: namely, the partners whom they claimed were alongside Allah. Allah is exalted far above that.

(25) “Among them are those who listen to you, but We have placed coverings over their hearts, preventing them from understanding it, and deafness in their ears. Even if they were to see every sign, they would not believe in it. When they come to you to argue with you, those who disbelieve say, ‘This is nothing but fables of the ancients.’”

That is, among these polytheists are people whom certain motives occasionally prompt to listen to what you say. Yet they listen without intending to seek and follow the truth. They therefore derive no benefit from listening, because they have no ⦗254⦘ desire for good. “We have placed coverings over their hearts”—that is, veils and coverings preventing them from understanding the words of Allah. Thus, He has safeguarded His words from people such as these. “And in their ears” We have placed “deafness,” so they cannot hear what would benefit them.

“Even if they were to see every sign, they would not believe in it.” This is the height of wrongdoing and obstinacy: they neither submit to the clear signs that point to the truth nor believe in them. Instead, they dispute the truth with falsehood in an attempt to refute it.

يخبر تعالى عن مآل أهل الشرك يوم القيامة، وأنهم يسألون ويوبخون فيقال لهم ﴿أَيْنَ شُرَكَاؤُكُمُ الَّذِينَ كُنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ﴾ أي إن الله ليس له شريك، وإنما ذلك على وجه الزعم منهم والافتراء. ﴿ثُمَّ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَتُهُمْ﴾ أي: لم يكن جوابهم حين يفتنون ويختبرون بذلك السؤالإلا إنكارهم لشركهم وحلفهم أنهم ما كانوا مشركين. ﴿انْظُرْ﴾ متعجبا منهم ومن أحوالهم ﴿كَيْفَ كَذَبُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ﴾ أي: كذبوا كذبا عاد بالخسار على أنفسهم وضرهم -والله- غاية الضرر ﴿وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ﴾ من الشركاء الذين زعموهم مع الله، تعالى الله عن ذلك علوا كبيرا. ﴿٢٥﴾ ﴿وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَمِعُ إِلَيْكَ وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً أَنْ يَفْقَهُوهُ وَفِي آذَانِهِمْ وَقْرًا وَإِنْ يَرَوْا كُلَّ آيَةٍ لا يُؤْمِنُوا بِهَا حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءُوكَ يُجَادِلُونَكَ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَذَا إِلا أَسَاطِيرُ الأوَّلِينَ﴾ . أي: ومن هؤلاء المشركين، قوم يحملهم بعضَ الأوقات، بعضُ الدواعي إلى الاستماع لما تقول، ولكنه استماع خال من قصد الحق واتباعه، ولهذا لا ينتفعون بذلك الاستماع، لعدم ⦗٢٥٤⦘ إرادتهم للخير ﴿وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً﴾ أي: أغطية وأغشية، لئلا يفقهوا كلام الله، فصان كلامه عن أمثال هؤلاء. ﴿وَفِي آذَانِهِمْ﴾ جعلنا ﴿وَقْرًا﴾ أي: صمما، فلا يستمعون ما ينفعهم. ﴿وَإِنْ يَرَوْا كُلَّ آيَةٍ لا يُؤْمِنُوا بِهَا﴾ وهذا غاية الظلم والعناد، أن الآيات البينات الدالة على الحق، لا ينقادون لها، ولا يصدقون بها، بل يجادلون بالباطل الحقَّ ليدحضوه.