Allah refers to darkness in the plural because its sources are many and its paths diverse. He refers to light in the singular because the path leading to Allah is one, with no multiplicity in it. It is the path that comprises knowledge of the truth and acting upon it, as He Most High says: “Indeed, this is My straight path, so follow it, and do not follow other ways, for they will lead you away from His way.”

(3) “He is Allah in the heavens and on earth. He knows what you conceal and what you reveal, and He knows what you earn.”

That is, He is the One worshipped in the heavens and on earth. The inhabitants of the heavens and the earth worship their Lord, submit to His greatness, and humble themselves before His might and majesty: the angels brought near, the prophets and messengers, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs, and the righteous.