Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (236)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(55, 56) “Your only allies are Allah, His Messenger, and those who believe—those who establish prayer, give zakat, and bow down. Whoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and the believers as allies—then surely the party of Allah are the victors.”

After forbidding alliance with the disbelievers—Jews, Christians, and others—and explaining that the ultimate outcome of taking them as allies is manifest loss, the Most High stated whom one must take as allies and explained the benefit and good that this entails. He said: “Your only allies are Allah and His Messenger.” Alliance with Allah is attained through faith and piety. Thus, every pious believer is an ally of Allah, and whoever is an ally of Allah is also an ally of His Messenger. Whoever takes Allah and His Messenger as allies completes this by taking as allies those who do likewise: the believers who uphold faith outwardly and inwardly, are sincere in their worship of Him, establish prayer with all its conditions, obligatory elements, and complementary acts, show kindness to creation, and give zakat from their wealth to those entitled to receive it.

His words, “and bow down,” mean that they are humble and submissive before Allah. The restrictive construction in His words, “Your only allies are Allah, His Messenger, and those who believe,” indicates that alliance must be confined to those mentioned and that all alliance with others must be disavowed.

He then mentioned the benefit of this alliance, saying: “Whoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and the believers as allies—then surely the party of Allah are the victors.” That is, he belongs to the party whose members are ascribed to Allah in a relationship of servitude and allegiance. His party are the victors, to whom the final outcome belongs in this world and the Hereafter, as the Most High said: “Indeed, Our forces will surely be the victors.”

This is tremendous good news for anyone who upholds Allah’s command and becomes one of His party and His forces: victory will be his. Even if his enemies are sometimes given the upper hand over him for a wisdom intended by Allah, Most High, his ultimate outcome will be triumph and victory. And who is more truthful in speech than Allah?

﴿٥٥، ٥٦﴾ ﴿إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ * وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَالِبُونَ﴾ . لما نهى عن ولاية الكفار من اليهود والنصارى وغيرهم، وذكر مآل توليهم أنه الخسران المبين، أخبر تعالى مَن يجب ويتعين توليه، وذكر فائدة ذلك ومصلحته فقال: ﴿إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ﴾ فولاية الله تدرك بالإيمان والتقوى. فكل من كان مؤمنا تقيا كان لله وليا، ومن كان وليا لله فهو ولي لرسوله، ومن تولى الله ورسوله كان تمام ذلك تولي من تولاه، وهم المؤمنون الذين قاموا بالإيمان ظاهرا وباطنا، وأخلصوا للمعبود، بإقامتهم الصلاة بشروطها وفروضها ومكملاتها، وأحسنوا للخلق، وبذلوا الزكاة من أموالهم لمستحقيها منهم. وقوله: ﴿وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ﴾ أي: خاضعون لله ذليلون. فأداة الحصر في قوله ﴿إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا﴾ تدل على أنه يجب قصر الولاية على المذكورين، والتبري من ولاية غيرهم. ثم ذكر فائدة هذه الولاية فقال: ﴿وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَالِبُونَ﴾ أي: فإنه من الحزب المضافين إلى الله إضافة عبودية وولاية، وحزبه هم الغالبون الذين لهم العاقبة في الدنيا والآخرة، كما قال تعالى: ﴿وَإِنَّ جُنْدَنَا لَهُمُ الْغَالِبُونَ﴾ . وهذه بشارة عظيمة، لمن قام بأمر الله وصار من حزبه وجنده، أن له الغلبة، وإن أديل عليه في بعض الأحيان لحكمة يريدها الله تعالى، فآخر أمره الغلبة والانتصار، ومن أصدق من الله قيلا.