Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(36–39) “What is the matter with those who disbelieve, rushing toward you, * in separate groups to your right and left? * Does every one of them hope to be admitted into a Garden of Bliss? * By no means! We created them from what they know.”

Allah Most High says, exposing the unbelievers’ self-delusion: “What is the matter with those who disbelieve, rushing toward you?”—that is, hastening toward you.

“In separate groups to your right and left,” meaning divided clusters and scattered groups (1), each rejoicing in what he has.

“Does every one of them hope to be admitted into a Garden of Bliss?” What basis do they have for such hope when they have put forward nothing but disbelief and denial of the Lord of all worlds? He therefore says, “By no means!” [That is:] The matter is not determined by their wishes, nor can they attain what they desire by their own power.

“We created them from what they know”—that is, from a spurting fluid that issues from between the backbone and the ribs. They are therefore weak, possessing no power to benefit or harm themselves, nor any power over death, life, or resurrection.

(1) In B: “varied.”
﴿٣٦ - ٣٩﴾ ﴿فَمَالِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قِبَلَكَ مُهْطِعِينَ * عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَعَنِ الشِّمَالِ عِزِينَ * أَيَطْمَعُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ جَنَّةَ نَعِيمٍ * كَلا إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُمْ مِمَّا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ . يقول تعالى، مبينا اغترار الكافرين: ﴿فَمَالِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قِبَلَكَ مُهْطِعِينَ﴾ أي: مسرعين. ﴿عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَعَنِ الشِّمَالِ عِزِينَ﴾ أي: قطعا متفرقة وجماعات متوزعة (١) ، كل منهم بما لديه فرح. ﴿أَيَطْمَعُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ جَنَّةَ نَعِيمٍ﴾ بأي: سبب أطمعهم، وهم لم يقدموا سوى الكفر، والجحود برب العالمين، ولهذا قال: ﴿كلا﴾ [أي:] ليس الأمر بأمانيهم ولا إدراك ما يشتهون بقوتهم. ﴿إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُمْ مِمَّا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ أي: من ماء دافق، يخرج من بين الصلب والترائب، فهم ضعفاء، لا يملكون لأنفسهم نفعا ولا ضرا، ولا موتا ولا حياة ولا نشورا.
(١) في ب: متنوعة.

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