Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (880)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(34–41) “Indeed, with their Lord the righteous shall have Gardens of Bliss. Shall We then treat the Muslims like the wicked? What is the matter with you? How do you judge? Or do you have a scripture in which you study, assuring you that you will have whatever you choose? Or do you have binding oaths from Us, extending to the Day of Resurrection, that you will have whatever you decide? Ask them which of them can guarantee this. Or do they have partners? Then let them produce their partners, if they are truthful.”

Allah Most High informs us of what He has prepared for those who guard themselves against disbelief and sin: various kinds of ⦗881⦘ bliss and a wholesome life in the presence of the Most Generous of all. His wisdom does not entail treating the Muslims (1)—those devoutly obedient to their Lord, submissive to His commands, and pursuing what pleases Him—like the wicked, who rush headlong into disobedience to Him, disbelieve in His signs, stubbornly oppose His messengers, and wage war against His allies. Whoever thinks that He will treat both groups equally in reward has judged badly: his judgment is false and his opinion (2) corrupt. If the wicked make such a claim, they have no basis for it: no scripture that they study [and recite] stating that they are among the people of Paradise and will have whatever they desire and choose.

Nor do they have a covenant from Allah or a binding oath extending to the Day of Resurrection, guaranteeing them whatever they decide. Neither do they have partners or helpers who can secure what they seek. If they have such partners and helpers, then let them produce them, if they are truthful. It is well known that none of these things exists: they have no scripture, no covenant with Allah ensuring their salvation, and no partners to assist them. It is therefore clear that their claim is false and corrupt. His words, “Ask them which of them can guarantee this,” mean: Which of them will stand surety for this false claim? No one could come forward to champion it or guarantee it. (3).

(1) Manuscript B reads: “the righteous.” (2) Thus in manuscript B; manuscript A reads: “and an opinion.” (3) Manuscript B reads: “for this claim, whose falsity has become evident, since no one can come forward with it or serve as its guarantor.”

﴿٣٤ - ٤١﴾ ﴿إِنَّ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ * أَفَنَجْعَلُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَالْمُجْرِمِينَ * مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ * أَمْ لَكُمْ كِتَابٌ فِيهِ تَدْرُسُونَ * إِنَّ لَكُمْ فِيهِ لَمَا تَخَيَّرُونَ * أَمْ لَكُمْ أَيْمَانٌ عَلَيْنَا بَالِغَةٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّ لَكُمْ لَمَا تَحْكُمُونَ * سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ بِذَلِكَ زَعِيمٌ * أَمْ لَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ فَلْيَأْتُوا بِشُرَكَائِهِمْ إِنْ كَانُوا صَادِقِينَ﴾ . يخبر تعالى بما أعده للمتقين للكفر والمعاصي، من أنواع ⦗٨٨١⦘ النعيم والعيش السليم في جوار أكرم الأكرمين، وأن حكمته تعالى لا تقتضي أن يجعل المسلمين (١) القانتين لربهم، المنقادين لأوامره، المتبعين لمراضيه كالمجرمين الذين أوضعوا في معاصيه، والكفر بآياته، ومعاندة رسله، ومحاربة أوليائه، وأن من ظن أنه يسويهم في الثواب، فإنه قد أساء الحكم، وأن حكمه حكم باطل، ورأيه (٢) فاسد، وأن المجرمين إذا ادعوا ذلك، فليس لهم مستند، لا كتاب فيه يدرسون [ويتلون] أنهم من أهل الجنة، وأن لهم ما طلبوا وتخيروا. وليس لهم عند الله عهد ويمين بالغة إلى يوم القيامة أن لهم ما يحكمون، وليس لهم شركاء وأعوان على إدراك ما طلبوا، فإن كان لهم شركاء وأعوان فليأتوا بهم إن كانوا صادقين، ومن المعلوم أن جميع ذلك منتف، فليس لهم كتاب، ولا لهم عهد عند الله في النجاة، ولا لهم شركاء يعينونهم، فعلم أن دعواهم باطلة فاسدة، وقوله: ﴿سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ بِذَلِكَ زَعِيمٌ﴾ أي: أيهم الكفيل بهذه الدعوى الفاسدة، فإنه لا يمكن التصدر بها، ولا الزعامة فيها. (٣) .

(١) في ب: المتقين. (٢) كذا في ب، وفي أ: ورأي. (٣) في ب: بهذه الدعوى التي تبين بطلانها فإنه لا يمكن أحدًا أن يتصدر بها، ولا يكون زعيمًا فيها.