Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (870)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(4–5) “As for those of your women who no longer expect menstruation, if you are in doubt, their waiting period is ⦗871⦘ three months, as is that of those who have not menstruated. As for pregnant women, their term is until they deliver their burdens. Whoever fears Allah, He will make his affairs easy for him. * That is Allah’s command, which He has sent down to you. Whoever fears Allah, He will absolve him of his misdeeds and magnify his reward.”

Having mentioned that the prescribed divorce is to be carried out in accordance with women’s waiting periods, the Exalted now explains those waiting periods, saying:

“As for those of your women who no longer expect menstruation”—that is, women who formerly menstruated but whose menstruation then ceased because of old age or some other reason, with no expectation that it would return—their waiting period is three months, each month taking the place of one menstrual cycle.

“And those who have not menstruated”—that is, young girls who have not yet begun to menstruate, and women who have reached puberty (1) but have never menstruated at all. They are treated like women whose menstruation has ceased, and their waiting period is three months. As for women who menstruate, Allah stated their waiting period in His words: “Divorced women shall wait by themselves for three menstrual cycles.” [And His words:] “As for pregnant women, their term”—that is, their waiting period—“is until they deliver their burdens,” meaning everything within their wombs, whether one child or more. At that point, no consideration is given to months or anything else.

“Whoever fears Allah, He will make his affairs easy for him.” That is, whoever fears Allah Most High, He will facilitate his affairs and make every difficulty easy for him.

“That”—[that is,] the ruling Allah has explained to you—“is Allah’s command, which He has sent down to you,” so that you may proceed according to it, [take it as your guide], uphold it, and venerate it.

“Whoever fears Allah, He will absolve him of his misdeeds and magnify his reward.” That is, what he fears will be warded off from him, and what he seeks will be attained for him.

(1) B reads: “or those who have reached puberty.”

﴿٤-٥﴾ ﴿وَاللائِي يَئِسْنَ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ مِنْ نِسَائِكُمْ إِنِ ارْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ⦗٨٧١⦘ ثَلاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَاللائِي لَمْ يَحِضْنَ وَأُولاتُ الأحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ يُسْرًا * ذَلِكَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ أَنْزَلَهُ إِلَيْكُمْ وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يُكَفِّرْ عَنْهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ وَيُعْظِمْ لَهُ أَجْرًا﴾ . لما ذكر تعالى أن الطلاق المأمور به يكون لعدة النساء، ذكر تعالى العدة، فقال: ﴿وَاللائِي يَئِسْنَ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ مِنْ نِسَائِكُمْ﴾ بأن كن يحضن، ثم ارتفع حيضهن، لكبر أو غيره، ولم يرج رجوعه، فإن عدتها ثلاثة أشهر، جعل لكل شهر، مقابلة حيضة. ﴿وَاللائِي لَمْ يَحِضْنَ﴾ أي: الصغار، اللائي لم يأتهن الحيض بعد، والبالغات (١) اللاتي لم يأتهن حيض بالكلية، فإنهن كالآيسات، عدتهن ثلاثة أشهر، وأما اللائي يحضن، فذكر الله عدتهن في قوله: ﴿وَالْمُطَلَّقَاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ ثَلاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ﴾ [وقوله:] ﴿وَأُولاتُ الأحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ﴾ أي: عدتهن ﴿أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ﴾ أي: جميع ما في بطونهن، من واحد، ومتعدد، ولا عبرة حينئذ، بالأشهر ولا غيرها، ﴿وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ يُسْرًا﴾ أي: من اتقى الله تعالى، يسر له الأمور، وسهل عليه كل عسير. ﴿ذَلِكَ﴾ [أي:] الحكم الذي بينه الله لكم ﴿أَمْرُ اللَّهِ أَنزلَهُ إِلَيْكُمْ﴾ لتمشوا عليه، [وتأتموا] وتقوموا به وتعظموه. ﴿وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يُكَفِّرْ عَنْهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ وَيُعْظِمْ لَهُ أَجْرًا﴾ أي: يندفع عنه المحذور، ويحصل له المطلوب.

(١) في ب: أو البالغات.