(6–11) “Have they not looked at the sky above them—how We built and adorned it, and how it has no rifts? * And the earth: We spread it out, placed firm mountains upon it, and caused every delightful kind to grow in it, * as a source of insight and a reminder for every servant who turns to Allah. * We sent down blessed water from the sky and thereby caused gardens and grain for harvest to grow, * as well as towering date palms laden with clusters of dates, * as provision for the servants. With it We brought a dead land to life. Such is the resurrection.”
After Allah Most High had mentioned the state of those who denied the truth and what He censured them for, He called upon them to contemplate His signs (1) spread across the horizons, so that they might take heed and infer from them the truths for which they were made evidence. He said: “Have they not looked at the sky above them?” Such observation requires neither exertion nor a journey; indeed, it could not be easier. They can observe “how We built it” as an evenly proportioned dome, firmly constructed and adorned with the stars that recede, run their courses, and disappear. These extend from horizon to horizon in utmost beauty and loveliness. You see in it no flaw, rift, gap, or defect.
Allah has made it a roof for those on earth and placed within it provisions essential to their welfare.
And [do they not look] at “the earth”—how “We spread it out” and made it expansive, enabling every creature to dwell and settle upon it (2) and to pursue everything needed for its welfare? He anchored it with mountains so that it would remain steady rather than shake and sway. “And We caused every delightful kind to grow in it”; that is, every variety of vegetation that delights whoever looks upon it, fills its observer with admiration, and brings joy to anyone who gazes at it. It provides food for human beings and their livestock, as well as other benefits.
Among those benefits, He singles out for mention gardens containing delicious fruits, such as grapes, pomegranates, citrons, apples, and other kinds of fruit; and towering date palms—that is, tall palms—whose benefit is long-lasting (3). They rise skyward to heights many trees cannot attain. Their layered blossoms produce bunches of dates that serve as provision for His servants: staple food, a food accompaniment, and fruit, which they eat and store for themselves and their livestock. Likewise, through rainfall and the rivers it produces—both above and beneath the ground—Allah brings forth grain for harvest: crops such as wheat, barley, sorghum, rice, millet, and others.
Contemplating these things provides “insight,” through which a person escapes the blindness of ignorance, and “a reminder,” through which he recalls what benefits him in religion and worldly life and remembers what Allah and His messengers have conveyed. This, however, is not for everyone, but “for every servant who turns to Allah”—one who turns to Him with love, fear, and hope and responds to His summons. As for those who deny the truth and turn away, signs and warnings are of no avail to people who will not believe.
In sum, the breathtaking creation, might, and strength evident in them attest to the perfection of Allah Most High’s power. Their beauty, precision, marvelous workmanship, and wondrous creation (4) attest that Allah is the wisest of judges and knows all things. The benefits and provisions they contain for His servants attest to Allah’s mercy, which encompasses all things, and His generosity, which extends to every living being. Their immense scale and wondrous order attest that Allah Most High is the One, the Unique, the Sole, the Self-Sufficient Master, who has taken neither consort nor child and to whom no one is comparable. They also show that worship, humble submission [and love] are due to Him alone, Most High.
The revival of the earth after its death is evidence that Allah will resurrect the dead and recompense them for their deeds. Thus He said: “With it We brought a dead land to life. Such is the resurrection.”
Having reminded them through these heavenly and earthly signs, He warned them of the punishments that overtook past nations and cautioned them against persisting in their denial, lest they suffer what befell their fellow deniers. He said: