Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadiโ€™

(1โ€“3) โ€œIn the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful. Indeed, We have granted you a manifest victory, so that Allah may forgive your earlier and later sins, perfect His favor upon you, guide you along a straight path, and grant you mighty support.โ€

The victory mentioned here is the Treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah. The polytheists had barred the Messenger of Allahโ€”peace and blessings be upon himโ€”when he came to perform Umrah. After a lengthy course of events, the matter culminated in the Messenger of Allahโ€”peace and blessings be upon himโ€”concluding a treaty with them: hostilities between them would cease for ten years; he would perform Umrah the following year; anyone who wished to enter the covenant and alliance of Quraysh could do so; and anyone who wished to enter the covenant and alliance of the Messenger of Allahโ€”peace and blessings be upon himโ€”could likewise do so.

As a result, once people felt safe from one another, the scope for calling to the religion of Allahโ€”glorified and exalted is Heโ€”broadened. Every believer, wherever he might be in those regions, was able to engage in it, while anyone eager to discover the true nature of Islam was able to do so. During that period, people entered Allahโ€™s religion in multitudes. For this reason, Allah called it a victory and described it as manifestโ€”that is, evident and unmistakable. This is because the purpose of conquering the lands of the polytheists is to give ascendancy to Allahโ€™s religion and victory to the Muslims, and this was achieved through that (1) victory. Allah then made several things follow from this victory, saying:

โ€œSo that Allah may forgive your earlier and later sins.โ€

Thisโ€”and Allah knows bestโ€”was because it brought about numerous acts of obedience and the entry of many people into the religion, and because the Prophetโ€”peace and blessings be upon himโ€”endured terms that none but the messengers of firm resolve could patiently bear. One of his greatest virtues and honorsโ€”peace and blessings be upon himโ€”is that Allah forgave his earlier and later sins.

โ€œAnd perfect His favor upon youโ€ by giving ascendancy to your religion, granting you victory over your enemies, and spreading your message; โ€œand guide you along a straight pathโ€ by which you attain everlasting happiness and perpetual success.

โ€œAnd grant you mighty supportโ€โ€”that is, strong support under which Islam will not be shaken. Rather, complete triumph will be attained, the disbelievers will be subdued, humiliated, and diminished, while the Muslims grow in strength and numbers and their wealth increases.

Then He mentioned the effects of this victory upon the believers, saying:

(1) In B: โ€œthrough it.โ€
๏ดฟูก-ูฃ๏ดพ ๏ดฟุจูุณู’ู…ู ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ุงู„ุฑูŽู‘ุญู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุงู„ุฑูŽู‘ุญููŠู…ู ุฅูู†ูŽู‘ุง ููŽุชูŽุญู’ู†ูŽุง ู„ูŽูƒูŽ ููŽุชู’ุญู‹ุง ู…ูุจููŠู†ู‹ุง * ู„ููŠูŽุบู’ููุฑูŽ ู„ูŽูƒูŽ ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ู…ูŽุง ุชูŽู‚ูŽุฏูŽู‘ู…ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฐูŽู†ู’ุจููƒูŽ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ุชูŽุฃูŽุฎูŽู‘ุฑูŽ ูˆูŽูŠูุชูู…ูŽู‘ ู†ูุนู’ู…ูŽุชูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ูƒูŽ ูˆูŽูŠูŽู‡ู’ุฏููŠูŽูƒูŽ ุตูุฑูŽุงุทู‹ุง ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽู‚ููŠู…ู‹ุง * ูˆูŽูŠูŽู†ู’ุตูุฑูŽูƒูŽ ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ู†ูŽุตู’ุฑู‹ุง ุนูŽุฒููŠุฒู‹ุง๏ดพ . ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุชุญ ุงู„ู…ุฐูƒูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุตู„ุญ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุจูŠุฉุŒ ุญูŠู† ุตุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดุฑูƒูˆู† ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ๏ทบ ู„ู…ุง ุฌุงุก ู…ุนุชู…ุฑุง ููŠ ู‚ุตุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ุตุงุฑ ุขุฎุฑ ุฃู…ุฑู‡ุง ุฃู† ุตุงู„ุญู‡ู… ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ๏ทบ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุจูŠู†ู‡ ูˆุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุนุดุฑ ุณู†ูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ูŠุนุชู…ุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ู‚ุจู„ุŒ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ู…ู† ุฃุฑุงุฏ ุฃู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุนู‡ุฏ ู‚ุฑูŠุด ูˆุญู„ูู‡ู… ุฏุฎู„ุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุฃุญุจ ุฃู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุนู‡ุฏ ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ๏ทบ ูˆุนู‚ุฏู‡ ูุนู„. ูˆุจุณุจุจ ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู…ุง ุฃู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุนุถู‡ู… ุจุนุถุงุŒ ุงุชุณุนุช ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฏุนูˆุฉ ู„ุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ๏ทฟุŒ ูˆุตุงุฑ ูƒู„ ู…ุคู…ู† ุจุฃูŠ ู…ุญู„ ูƒุงู† ู…ู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃู‚ุทุงุฑุŒ ูŠุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูˆุฃู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุญุฑูŠุต ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆู ุนู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณู„ุงู…ุŒ ูุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃููˆุงุฌุงุŒ ูู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ุงู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูุชุญุงุŒ ูˆูˆุตูู‡ ุจุฃู†ู‡ ูุชุญ ู…ุจูŠู† ุฃูŠ: ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุฌู„ูŠุŒ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ููŠ ูุชุญ ุจู„ุฏุงู† ุงู„ู…ุดุฑูƒูŠู† ุฅุนุฒุงุฒ ุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู†ุชุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณู„ู…ูŠู†ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุญุตู„ ุจุฐู„ูƒ (ูก) ุงู„ูุชุญุŒ ูˆุฑุชุจ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุชุญ ุนุฏุฉ ุฃู…ูˆุฑุŒ ูู‚ุงู„: ๏ดฟู„ููŠูŽุบู’ููุฑูŽ ู„ูŽูƒูŽ ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ู…ูŽุง ุชูŽู‚ูŽุฏูŽู‘ู…ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฐูŽู†ู’ุจููƒูŽ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ุชูŽุฃูŽุฎูŽู‘ุฑูŽ๏ดพ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ -ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃุนู„ู…- ุจุณุจุจ ู…ุง ุญุตู„ ุจุณุจุจู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุงุนุงุช ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฏุฎูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูŠู† ุจูƒุซุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุจู…ุง ุชุญู…ู„ ๏ทบ ู…ู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุดุฑูˆุท ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุง ูŠุตุจุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฅู„ุง ุฃูˆู„ูˆ ุงู„ุนุฒู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุณู„ูŠู†ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุฃุนุธู… ู…ู†ุงู‚ุจู‡ ูˆูƒุฑุงู…ุงุชู‡ ๏ทบุŒ ุฃู† ุบูุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ู‡ ู…ุง ุชู‚ุฏู… ู…ู† ุฐู†ุจู‡ ูˆู…ุง ุชุฃุฎุฑ. ๏ดฟูˆูŽูŠูุชูู…ูู‘ ู†ูุนู’ู…ูŽุชูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ูƒูŽ๏ดพ ุจุฅุนุฒุงุฒ ุฏูŠู†ูƒุŒ ูˆู†ุตุฑูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุนุฏุงุฆูƒุŒ ูˆุงุชุณุงุน ูƒู„ู…ุชูƒุŒ ๏ดฟูˆูŽูŠูŽู‡ู’ุฏููŠูŽูƒูŽ ุตูุฑูŽุงุทู‹ุง ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽู‚ููŠู…ู‹ุง๏ดพ ุชู†ุงู„ ุจู‡ ุงู„ุณุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃุจุฏูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุงู„ุณุฑู…ุฏูŠ. ๏ดฟูˆูŽูŠูŽู†ู’ุตูุฑูŽูƒูŽ ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ู†ูŽุตู’ุฑู‹ุง ุนูŽุฒููŠุฒู‹ุง๏ดพ ุฃูŠ: ู‚ูˆูŠุง ู„ุง ูŠุชุถุนุถุน ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุฅุณู„ุงู…ุŒ ุจู„ ูŠุญุตู„ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุตุงุฑ ุงู„ุชุงู…ุŒ ูˆู‚ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒุงูุฑูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุฐู„ู‡ู… ูˆู†ู‚ุตู‡ู…ุŒ ู…ุน ุชูˆูุฑ ู‚ูˆู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณู„ู…ูŠู† ูˆู†ู…ูˆู‡ู…ุŒ ูˆู†ู…ูˆ ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ู‡ู…. ุซู… ุฐูƒุฑ ุขุซุงุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุชุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุคู…ู†ูŠู† ูู‚ุงู„:
(ูก) ููŠ ุจ: ุจู‡.

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