Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

﴿12﴾ “Indeed, Allah will admit those who believe and do righteous deeds into Gardens beneath which rivers flow. As for those who disbelieve, they enjoy themselves and eat as grazing livestock eat, and the Fire will be their abode.”

After stating that He is the Protector of the believers, Allah Most High mentions what He will do for them in the Hereafter: He will admit them into Gardens beneath which rivers flow, watering those radiant gardens and their flourishing, fruit-bearing trees of every delightful kind and every delicious fruit.

After stating that the disbelievers have no protector, He explains that they have been left to their own devices. They possess neither noble character nor truly human qualities; rather, they have sunk beneath them through successive degrees and become like livestock, which have neither reason nor virtue. Their greatest concern and aim is simply to enjoy the pleasures and desires of this world. Thus, you see all their outward and inward activity revolving around these things, never extending beyond them to that wherein lie goodness and happiness. For this reason, the Fire will be their abode—that is, a dwelling prepared for them. They will never leave it, nor will its torment ever be lightened for them.

﴿١٢﴾ ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُدْخِلُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الأنْهَارُ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَتَمَتَّعُونَ وَيَأْكُلُونَ كَمَا تَأْكُلُ الأنْعَامُ وَالنَّارُ مَثْوًى لَهُمْ﴾ . لما ذكر تعالى أنه ولي المؤمنين، ذكر ما يفعل بهم في الآخرة، من دخول الجنات، التي تجري من تحتها الأنهار، التي تسقي تلك البساتين الزاهرة، والأشجار الناظرة المثمرة، لكل زوج بهيج، وكل فاكهة لذيذة. ولما ذكر أن الكافرين لا مولى لهم، ذكر أنهم وُكِلُوا إلى أنفسهم، فلم يتصفوا بصفات المروءة، ولا الصفات الإنسانية، بل نزلوا عنها دركات، وصاروا كالأنعام، التي لا عقل لها ولا فضل، بل جل همهم ومقصدهم التمتع بلذات الدنيا وشهواتها، فترى حركاتهم الظاهرة والباطنة دائرة حولها، غير متعدية لها إلى ما فيه الخير والسعادة، ولهذا كانت النار مثوى لهم، أي: منزلا معدا، لا يخرجون منها، ولا يفتر عنهم من عذابها.

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