Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

“Allah is the Guardian of those who believe, bringing them out of darkness into light. As for those who disbelieve, their guardians are false gods, bringing them out of light into darkness. They are the inhabitants of the Fire, where they will remain forever.”

Then He mentioned what brought them to these respective ends, saying: “Allah is the Guardian of those who believe.” This includes their devotion to their Lord: they take Him as their Guardian, seek no substitute for Him, and associate no one with Him. They have taken Him as their beloved and Guardian, befriending His allies and opposing His enemies. He therefore takes them under His care through His kindness and bestows His grace upon them, bringing them out of the darkness of disbelief, sin, and ignorance into the light of faith, obedience, and knowledge. Their reward for this is that He delivers them safely from the darkness of the grave, the Gathering, and the Resurrection into everlasting bliss, ease, spaciousness, and joy.

“As for those who disbelieve, their guardians are false gods.” They take Satan and his party as their guardians instead of Allah, give them their allegiance, and forsake the guardianship of their Lord and Master. As punishment, Allah gives Satan and his party power over them, and they relentlessly incite them to sin and drive them toward evil, bringing them out of the light of faith, knowledge, and obedience into the darkness of disbelief, ignorance, and sin. Their recompense for this is that they are deprived of all good and forfeit bliss, delight, and every joy. They become members of Satan’s party and his allies in the abode of regret. Hence Allah, Most High, says: “They are the inhabitants of the Fire, where they will remain forever.”

﴿اللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يُخْرِجُهُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَوْلِيَاؤُهُمُ الطَّاغُوتُ يُخْرِجُونَهُمْ مِنَ النُّورِ إِلَى الظُّلُمَاتِ أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ﴾ . ثم ذكر السبب الذي أوصلهم إلى ذلك فقال: ﴿الله ولي الذين آمنوا﴾ وهذا يشمل ولايتهم لربهم، بأن تولوه فلا يبغون عنه بدلا ولا يشركون به أحدا، قد اتخذوه حبيبا ووليا، ووالوا أولياءه وعادوا أعداءه، فتولاهم بلطفه ومنَّ عليهم بإحسانه، فأخرجهم من ظلمات الكفر والمعاصي والجهل إلى نور الإيمان والطاعة والعلم، وكان جزاؤهم على هذا أن سلمهم من ظلمات القبر والحشر والقيامة إلى النعيم المقيم والراحة والفسحة والسرور ﴿والذين كفروا أولياؤهم الطاغوت﴾ فتولوا الشيطان وحزبه، واتخذوه من دون الله وليا ووالوه وتركوا ولاية ربهم وسيدهم، فسلطهم عليهم عقوبة لهم فكانوا يؤزونهم إلى المعاصي أزا، ويزعجونهم إلى الشر إزعاجا، فيخرجونهم من نور الإيمان والعلم والطاعة إلى ظلمة الكفر والجهل والمعاصي، فكان جزاؤهم على ذلك أن حرموا الخيرات، وفاتهم النعيم والبهجة والمسرات، وكانوا من حزب الشيطان وأولياءه في دار الحسرة، فلهذا قال تعالى: ﴿أولئك أصحاب النار هم فيها خالدون﴾ .

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