Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (651)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

⦗29–30⦘ “Do you not see that Allah causes the night to enter into the day and causes the day to enter into the night, and has subjected the sun and the moon, each running its course for an appointed term, and that Allah is All-Aware of what you do? * That is because Allah alone is the Truth, while whatever they invoke besides Him is falsehood, and Allah alone is the Most High, the Most Great.”

This likewise demonstrates that He alone controls and governs all things, and the vast scope of His control: He causes the night to enter into the day and the day to enter into the night—that is, He causes each to encroach upon the other, so that when one enters, the other recedes.

He has also subjected the sun and the moon, which both run according to a governance and order that have never been disrupted since He created them, ⦗652⦘ so that through them He may secure for His servants interests and benefits in their religion and worldly lives from which they may take heed and derive benefit.

“Each” of them “runs its course for an appointed term.” When that term arrives, their courses will cease and their power will come to an end. This will occur on the Day of Resurrection, when the sun is folded up, the moon is eclipsed, the abode of this world comes to an end, and the abode of the Hereafter begins.

“And Allah is All-Aware of what you do,” whether good or evil. Nothing of it is hidden from Him, and He will recompense you for those deeds, rewarding the obedient and punishing the disobedient.

“That”—what He has made clear to you concerning His greatness and attributes—He has made clear “because Allah alone is the Truth” in His Essence and attributes. His religion is true, His messengers are true, His promise is true, His warning is true, and worshipping Him is the truth.

“While whatever they invoke besides Him is falsehood” in its very being and attributes. Had Allah not brought it into existence, it would never have existed, and were He not to sustain it, it would not remain. Since it is itself falsehood, worshipping it is even more utterly false.

“And Allah alone is the Most High” in His Essence, above all His created beings. His attributes are too exalted for the attributes of any creature to be compared with them, and He is exalted above creation and has subdued it. He is “the Most Great,” to whom belongs absolute greatness in His Essence and attributes, and whose greatness is acknowledged in the hearts of the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth.

﴿٢٩ - ٣٠﴾ ﴿أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ وَيُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ * ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْحَقُّ وَأَنَّ مَا يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ الْبَاطِلُ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ﴾ . وهذا فيه أيضا، انفراده بالتصرف والتدبير، وسعة تصرفه بإيلاج الليل في النهار، وإيلاج النهار في الليل، أي: إدخال أحدهما على الآخر، فإذا دخل أحدهما، ذهب الآخر. وتسخيره للشمس والقمر، يجريان بتدبير ونظام، لم يختل منذ خلقهما، ⦗٦٥٢⦘ ليقيم بذلك من مصالح العباد ومنافعهم، في دينهم ودنياهم، ما به يعتبرون وينتفعون. و ﴿كُلّ﴾ منهما ﴿يَجْرِي إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى﴾ إذا جاء ذلك الأجل، انقطع جريانهما، وتعطل سلطانهما، وذلك في يوم القيامة، حين تكور الشمس، ويخسف القمر، وتنتهي دار الدنيا، وتبتدئ الدار الآخرة. ﴿وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ﴾ من خير وشر ﴿خَبِيرٌ﴾ لا يخفى عليه شيء من ذلك، وسيجازيكم على تلك الأعمال، بالثواب للمطيعين، والعقاب للعاصين. و ﴿ذَلِكَ﴾ الذي بين لكم من عظمته وصفاته، ما بيَّن ﴿بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْحَقُّ﴾ في ذاته وفي صفاته، ودينه حق، ورسله حق، ووعده حق، ووعيده حق، وعبادته هي الحق. ﴿وَأَنَّ مَا يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ الْبَاطِلُ﴾ في ذاته وصفاته، فلولا إيجاد الله له لما وجد، ولولا إمداده لَمَا بَقِيَ، فإذا كان باطلا كانت عبادته أبطل وأبطل. ﴿وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْعَلِيُّ﴾ بذاته، فوق جميع مخلوقاته، الذي علت صفاته، أن يقاس بها صفات أحد من الخلق، وعلا على الخلق فقهرهم ﴿الْكَبِيرُ﴾ الذي له الكبرياء في ذاته وصفاته، وله الكبرياء في قلوب أهل السماء والأرض.