Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (639)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(20–21) “And among His signs is that He created you from dust; then, behold, you became human beings spreading throughout the earth. And among His signs is that He created for you spouses from among yourselves so that you might find tranquility in them, and He placed affection and mercy between you. Surely in that are signs for people who reflect.”

Here begins the enumeration of His signs, which demonstrate that He alone is worthy of worship, His perfect greatness, the irresistible execution of His will, His mighty power, the beauty of His creation, and the vastness of His mercy and beneficence. He says: “And among His signs is that He created you from dust.” This was through His creation of Adam, peace be upon him, the forefather of the human race. “Then, behold, you became human beings spreading throughout the earth.” [That is, the One who created you from a single origin and a single substance] (1) dispersed you throughout the reaches of the earth [and all its regions. In this are signs that the One who brought you into being from this origin and dispersed you throughout the reaches of the earth] (2) is the Lord who is worshipped, the Sovereign who is praised, the Most Merciful, the Most Loving, who will restore you through resurrection after death.

“And among His signs”—which demonstrate His mercy, His care for His servants, His immense wisdom, and His all-encompassing knowledge—“is that He created for you spouses from among yourselves,” who suit you just as you suit them, and who are compatible with you just as you are with them, “so that you might find tranquility in them, and He placed affection and mercy between you,” through the means attendant upon marriage that engender affection and mercy.

Through one’s wife, therefore, come enjoyment, pleasure, the benefit of having and raising children, and tranquility with her. Indeed, one generally finds no affection and mercy between any two people comparable to that between spouses. “Surely in that are signs for people who reflect”—who exercise their minds, contemplate Allah’s signs, and reason from one thing to another.

(1) Addition in the author’s handwriting from the margin of manuscript A. (2) Addition from manuscript B.

﴿٢٠ - ٢١﴾ ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُونَ * وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا لِتَسْكُنُوا إِلَيْهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ مَوَدَّةً وَرَحْمَةً إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ﴾ . هذا شروع في تعداد آياته الدالة على انفراده بالإلهية وكمال عظمته، ونفوذ مشيئته وقوة اقتداره وجميل صنعه وسعة رحمته وإحسانه فقال: ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ تُرَابٍ﴾ وذلك بخلق أصل النسل آدم ﵇ ﴿ثُمَّ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُونَ﴾ [أي: الذي خلقكم من أصل واحد ومادة واحدة] (١) وبثكم في أقطار الأرض [وأرجائها ففي ذلك آيات على أن الذي أنشأكم من هذا الأصل وبثكم في أقطار الأرض] (٢) هو الرب المعبود الملك المحمود والرحيم الودود الذي سيعيدكم بالبعث بعد الموت. ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ﴾ الدالة على رحمته وعنايته بعباده وحكمته العظيمة وعلمه المحيط، ﴿أَنْ خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا﴾ تناسبكم وتناسبونهن وتشاكلكم وتشاكلونهن ﴿لِتَسْكُنُوا إِلَيْهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ مَوَدَّةً وَرَحْمَةً﴾ بما رتب على الزواج من الأسباب الجالبة للمودة والرحمة. فحصل بالزوجة الاستمتاع واللذة والمنفعة بوجود الأولاد وتربيتهم، والسكون إليها، فلا تجد بين أحد في الغالب مثل ما بين الزوجين من المودة والرحمة، ﴿إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ﴾ يُعملون أفكارهم ويتدبرون آيات الله وينتقلون من شيء إلى شيء.

(١) زيادة بخط المؤلف من هامش أ. (٢) زيادة من ب.