Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (638)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(11–16) “Allah originates creation, then brings it forth again, and then to Him you will be returned. * On the Day the Hour comes, the evildoers will despair. * They will have no intercessors among the partners they ascribed to Allah, and they will disavow those partners. * On the Day the Hour comes, that Day they will be separated. * As for those who believed and did righteous deeds, they will be rejoicing in a garden.”

Allah Most High informs us that He alone originates all created beings, then brings them forth again, after which they will be returned to Him so that He may recompense them for their deeds. He therefore mentions the recompense of the wicked and then that of the righteous, saying:

“On the Day the Hour comes”—that is, when people stand before the Lord of all worlds and confront the Resurrection before their very eyes—“the evildoers will despair.” In other words, they will lose all hope of any good, for they sent nothing ahead for that Day except evil deeds: disbelief, idolatry, and other acts of disobedience. Since they sent ahead the causes of punishment without mixing them with any of the causes of reward, they will lose hope, sink into despair, and find themselves bankrupt. What they had fabricated—the supposed benefit of their partners and their claim that these would intercede for them—will vanish from them. Hence He says: “They will have no intercessors among the partners” whom they worshipped alongside Allah, “and they will disavow those partners.” The idolaters will renounce those whom they associated with Allah, and the beings they worshipped will renounce them, saying, “We declare ourselves innocent before You; it was not us they worshipped.” They will curse and distance themselves from one another. On that Day, the righteous and the wicked will be separated, just as their deeds differed in this world.

“As for those who believed and did righteous deeds”—they believed in their hearts and confirmed that faith through righteous deeds—“they will be rejoicing in a garden” containing every kind of plant and every variety of desirable pleasure. They will rejoice and enjoy bliss through delicious foods and drinks, beautiful heavenly maidens, attendants and youthful servants, enchanting voices, soul-stirring melodies, wondrous sights, and delightful fragrances, as well as happiness, joy, pleasure, and jubilation beyond anyone’s power to describe.

﴿١١ - ١٦﴾ ﴿اللَّهُ يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ * وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يُبْلِسُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ * وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ مِنْ شُرَكَائِهِمْ شُفَعَاءُ وَكَانُوا بِشُرَكَائِهِمْ كَافِرِينَ * وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَفَرَّقُونَ * فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَهُمْ فِي رَوْضَةٍ يُحْبَرُونَ﴾ . يخبر تعالى أنه المتفرد بإبداء المخلوقات ثم يعيدهم ثم إليه يرجعون بعد إعادتهم ليجازيهم بأعمالهم، ولهذا ذكر جزاء أهل الشر ثم جزاء أهل الخير فقال: ﴿وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ﴾ أي: يقوم الناس لرب العالمين ويردون القيامة عيانا، يومئذ ﴿يُبْلِسُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ﴾ أي: ييأسون من كل خير. وذلك أنهم ما قدموا لذلك اليوم إلا الإجرام وهي الذنوب، من كفر وشرك ومعاصي، فلما قدموا أسباب العقاب ولم يخلطوها بشيء من أسباب الثواب، أيسوا وأبلسوا وأفلسوا وضل عنهم ما كانوا يفترونه، من نفع شركائهم وأنهم يشفعون لهم، ولهذا قال: ﴿وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ مِنْ شُرَكَائِهِمْ﴾ التي عبدوها مع الله ﴿شُفَعَاءُ وَكَانُوا بِشُرَكَائِهِمْ كَافِرِينَ﴾ تبرأ المشركون ممن أشركوهم مع الله وتبرأ المعبودون وقالوا: ﴿تَبَرَّأْنَا إِلَيْكَ مَا كَانُوا إِيَّانَا يَعْبُدُونَ﴾ والتعنوا وابتعدوا، وفي ذلك اليوم يفترق أهل الخير والشر كما افترقت أعمالهم في الدنيا. ﴿فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ﴾ آمنوا بقلوبهم وصدقوا ذلك بالأعمال الصالحة ﴿فَهُمْ فِي رَوْضَةٍ﴾ فيها سائر أنواع النبات وأصناف المشتهيات، ﴿يُحْبَرُونَ﴾ أي: يسرون وينعمون بالمآكل اللذيذة والأشربة والحور الحسان والخدم والولدان والأصوات المطربات والسماع المشجي والمناظر العجيبة والروائح الطيبة والفرح والسرور واللذة والحبور مما لا يقدر أحد أن يصفه.