Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (623)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(76–82) “Indeed, Qārūn was one of Moses’ people, but he tyrannized them.” To the end of the account.

Allah Most High relates the circumstances of Qārūn—what he [did], what was done to him, and how he was counseled and admonished. He says: “Indeed, Qārūn was one of Moses’ people”—that is, one of the Children of Israel, who had been favored above all other peoples and had surpassed them in their time. Allah had bestowed immense favors upon them, so their circumstances called for uprightness. Yet this Qārūn oppressed his people and transgressed because of the enormous wealth he had been given, which drove him to tyranny.

“And We gave him such treasures”—that is, an immense quantity of wealth—“that their keys would weigh down a band [of strong men.” A band] may consist of ten, nine, seven, or thereabouts. In other words, even the keys to his treasuries were too heavy for a strong group to carry. How immense, then, must the treasuries themselves have been?

“When his people said to him,” sincerely counseling him and warning him against tyranny, “Do not exult, for Allah does not love those who exult.” That is, do not exult in this immense worldly fortune, boast of it, or allow it to distract you from the Hereafter. Allah does not love those who exult in worldly wealth and devote themselves wholly to loving it.

“But seek, through what Allah has given you, the Home of the Hereafter.” That is, you possess means of attaining the Hereafter that others do not possess—namely, your wealth. So use it to seek what is with Allah and give in charity; do not restrict yourself merely to satisfying desires and pursuing pleasures.

“Yet do not forget your share of this world.” That is, we are not commanding you to give away all your wealth in charity and leave yourself destitute. Rather, spend for your Hereafter and enjoy your worldly life in a manner that neither compromises your religion nor harms your Hereafter.

“And do good” to Allah’s servants “as Allah has done good to you” by granting you this wealth. “And do not seek corruption in the land” through arrogance, disobedience to Allah, and becoming so preoccupied with blessings that you forget the One who bestowed them. “Indeed, Allah does not love those who spread corruption”; rather, He punishes them for it with the severest punishment.

﴿٧٦-٨٢﴾ ﴿إِنَّ قَارُونَ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمِ مُوسَى فَبَغَى عَلَيْهِمْ﴾ . إلى آخر القصة يخبر تعالى عن حالة قارون وما [فعل] وفُعِلَ به ونُصِحَ ووُعِظَ، فقال: ﴿إِنَّ قَارُونَ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمِ مُوسَى﴾ أي: من بني إسرائيل، الذين فُضِّلوا على العالمين، وفاقوهم في زمانهم، وامتن الله عليهم بما امتن به، فكانت حالهم مناسبة للاستقامة، ولكن قارون هذا، بغى على قومه وطغى، بما أوتيه من الأموال العظيمة المطغية ﴿وَآتَيْنَاهُ مِنَ الْكُنُوزِ﴾ أي: كنوز الأموال شيئا كثيرا، ﴿مَا إِنَّ مَفَاتِحَهُ لَتَنُوءُ بِالْعُصْبَةِ [أُولِي الْقُوَّةِ﴾ والعصبة] ، من العشرة إلى التسعة إلى السبعة، ونحو ذلك. أي: حتى أن مفاتح خزائن أمواله لتثقل الجماعة القوية عن حملها، هذه المفاتيح، فما ظنك بالخزائن؟ ﴿إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ قَوْمُهُ﴾ ناصحين له محذرين له عن الطغيان: ﴿لا تَفْرَحْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُحِبُّ الْفَرِحِينَ﴾ أي: لا تفرح بهذه الدنيا العظيمة، وتفتخر بها، وتلهيك عن الآخرة، فإن الله لا يحب الفرحين بها، المنكبين على محبتها. ﴿وَابْتَغِ فِيمَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ الدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ﴾ أي: قد حصل عندك من وسائل الآخرة ما ليس عند غيرك من الأموال، فابتغ بها ما عند الله، وتصدق ولا تقتصر على مجرد نيل الشهوات، وتحصيل اللذات، ﴿وَلا تَنْسَ نَصِيبَكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا﴾ أي: لا نأمرك أن تتصدق بجميع مالك وتبقى ضائعا، بل أنفق لآخرتك، واستمتع بدنياك استمتاعا لا يثلم دينك، ولا يضر بآخرتك، ﴿وَأَحْسِنْ﴾ إلى عباد الله ﴿كَمَا أَحْسَنَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ﴾ بهذه الأموال، ﴿وَلا تَبْغِ الْفَسَادَ فِي الأرْضِ﴾ بالتكبر والعمل بمعاصي الله والاشتغال بالنعم عن المنعم، ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُحِبُّ الْمُفْسِدِينَ﴾ بل يعاقبهم على ذلك، أشد العقوبة.