Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

﴿101 - 114﴾ “When the Trumpet is blown, there will be no ties of kinship between them that Day, nor will they ask about one another. Those whose scales are heavy—it is they who will prosper. But those whose scales are light—it is they who have lost their own souls, remaining in Hell forever. The Fire will scorch their faces, and they will be grimacing therein.”

The Exalted informs us of the terrors of the Day of Resurrection and the distressing and alarming events it will contain. When the Trumpet is blown for the Resurrection and all people are gathered at the appointed time of a known Day, such terror will befall them that they will forget their family ties, though these are the strongest of bonds; all other bonds will be forgotten even more readily. No one will ask another about his condition, for each will be preoccupied with himself, not knowing whether he will attain deliverance after which there is no misery, or suffer misery after which there is no happiness. The Exalted says: “On the Day when a man will flee from his brother, his mother and his father, his wife and his children. Each one of them that Day will have enough concern of his own.” (1).

On the Day of Resurrection there will be stations at which anguish intensifies and the impact of events becomes overwhelming. Among them is the Balance, by which a servant’s deeds are distinguished and his credits and liabilities are examined with perfect justice. Even the weight of an atom of good or evil will be made manifest. “Those whose scales are heavy”—because their good deeds outweigh their evil deeds—“it is they who will prosper,” for they will be saved from the Fire, deserve Paradise, and receive noble praise. “But those whose scales are light”—because their evil deeds outweigh their good deeds and their sins engulf them—“it is they who have lost their own souls.” Every other loss is easy in comparison with this loss. This is a grievous loss whose damage can never be repaired and whose missed opportunity can never be recovered: an eternal loss and everlasting misery. Such a person has lost his precious soul, through which he could have attained eternal happiness, and has thereby deprived it of enduring bliss in the presence of the Generous Lord.

“Remaining in Hell forever”: they will never leave it, for all eternity. As we have mentioned, this threat applies only to one whose sins have engulfed his good deeds, and this can only be an unbeliever. Accordingly, he will not be called to account in the manner of one whose good and evil deeds are weighed, for unbelievers have no good deeds. Rather, their deeds will be numbered and recorded; they will be confronted with them, made to acknowledge them, and disgraced by them. As for one who possesses the foundation of faith but whose evil deeds are so numerous that they outweigh his good deeds, even if he enters the Fire, he will not remain there forever, as the texts of the Quran and Sunnah establish.

The Exalted then described the evil fate of the unbelievers ⦗560⦘, saying: “The Fire will scorch their faces.” That is, it will envelop them from every side, reaching even the noblest parts of their bodies, while its flames lash their faces. “And they will be grimacing therein”: their faces will be scowling and their lips drawn back because of the severity of their suffering and the enormity of what they endure.

(1) In both manuscripts, verses from Surah Abasa and Surah al-Maārij had become intermingled. Since the passage corresponded more closely to the verses of Surah Abasa, I assigned it to that surah.
﴿١٠١ - ١١٤﴾ ﴿فَإِذَا نُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَلا أَنْسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلا يَتَسَاءَلُونَ * فَمَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ * وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدُونَ * تَلْفَحُ وُجُوهَهُمُ النَّارُ وَهُمْ فِيهَا كَالِحُونَ﴾ . يخبر تعالى عن هول يوم القيامة، وما في ذلك اليوم، من المزعجات والمقلقات، وأنه إذا نفخ في الصور نفخة البعث، فحشر الناس أجمعون، لميقات يوم معلوم، أنه يصيبهم من الهول ما ينسيهم أنسابهم، التي هي أقوى الأسباب، فغير الأنساب من باب أولى، وأنه لا يسأل أحد أحدا عن حاله، لاشتغاله بنفسه، فلا يدري هل ينجو نجاة لا شقاوة بعدها؟ أو يشقى شقاوة لا سعادة بعدها؟ قال تعالى: ﴿يَوْمَ يَفِرُّ الْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ * وَأُمِّهِ وَأَبِيهِ * وَصَاحِبَتِهِ وَبَنِيهِ * لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ شَأْنٌ يُغْنِيهِ﴾ (١) . وفي القيامة مواضع، يشتد كربها، ويعظم وقعها، كالميزان الذي يميز به أعمال العبد، وينظر فيه بالعدل ما له وما عليه، وتبين فيه مثاقيل الذر، من الخير والشر، ﴿فَمَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ﴾ بأن رجحت حسناته على سيئاته ﴿فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ﴾ لنجاتهم من النار، واستحقاقهم الجنة، وفوزهم بالثناء الجميل، ﴿وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ﴾ بأن رجحت سيئاته على حسناته، وأحاطت بها خطيئاته ﴿فَأُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ﴾ كل خسارة، غير هذه الخسارة، فإنها -بالنسبة إليها- سهلة، ولكن هذه خسارة صعبة، لا يجبر مصابها، ولا يستدرك فائتها، خسارة أبدية، وشقاوة سرمدية، قد خسر نفسه الشريفة، التي يتمكن بها من السعادة الأبدية ففوتها هذا النعيم المقيم، في جوار الرب الكريم. ﴿فِي جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدُونَ﴾ لا يخرجون منها أبد الآبدين، وهذا الوعيد، إنما هو كما ذكرنا، لمن أحاطت خطيئاته بحسناته، ولا يكون ذلك إلا كافرا، فعلى هذا، لا يحاسب محاسبة من توزن حسناته وسيئاته، فإنهم لا حسنات لهم، ولكن تعد أعمالهم وتحصى، فيوقفون عليها، ويقررون بها، ويخزون بها، وأما من معه أصل الإيمان، ولكن عظمت سيئاته، فرجحت على حسناته، فإنه وإن دخل النار، لا يخلد فيها، كما دلت على ذلك نصوص الكتاب والسنة. ثم ذكر تعالى، سوء مصير الكافرين ⦗٥٦٠⦘ فقال: ﴿تَلْفَحُ وُجُوهَهُمُ النَّارُ﴾ أي: تغشاهم من جميع جوانبهم، حتى تصيب أعضاءهم الشريفة، ويتقطع لهبها عن وجوههم، ﴿وَهُمْ فِيهَا كَالِحُونَ﴾ قد عبست وجوههم، وقلصت شفاههم، من شدة ما هم فيه، وعظيم ما يلقونه.
(١) في النسختين وقع تداخل بين آيات سورة عبس وآيات سورة المعارج فكانت أقرب إلى آيات سورة عبس فأثبتها منها

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