Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (545)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

(71–72) “Yet they worship besides Allah that for which He has sent down no authority and of which they have no knowledge. The wrongdoers will have no helper. When Our clear verses are recited to them, you can recognize resentment on the faces of those who disbelieve. They nearly assault those who recite Our verses to them. Say, ‘Shall I inform you of something worse than that? The Fire! Allah has promised it to those who disbelieve. What an evil destination!’”

The Exalted describes the condition of the polytheists who associate others with Him. Their condition is the vilest of all, for they have no basis for what they do. They possess no knowledge of it; rather, they merely follow what they received from their misguided forefathers. A person may have no knowledge to support what he does even though, in reality, there is some proof for it of which he is unaware. Here, however, Allah informs us that He has sent down no authority for it—that is, no proof establishing or permitting it. On the contrary, He has sent down decisive proofs demonstrating its corruption and falsity. He then threatens the wrongdoers among them who stubbornly resist the truth, saying: “The wrongdoers will have no helper” to save them from Allah’s punishment when it descends upon and overtakes them.

Do these people, who have no knowledge of what they follow, have any intention of following ⦗546⦘ the verses and guidance when they come to them, or are they content with the falsehood they follow? He explains this by saying: “When Our clear verses are recited to them”—the sublime verses of Allah that clearly distinguish truth from falsehood—they pay no attention and give them no consideration. Rather, “you can recognize resentment on the faces of those who disbelieve” because of their hatred and aversion toward them. You see their faces frowning and their countenances darkened. “They nearly assault those who recite Our verses to them”; that is, because of their intense hatred for them, for the truth, and their hostility toward it, they almost subject them to killing and severe beating.

This condition of the disbelievers is indeed wretched, and its evil is evil indeed. Yet there is something worse: the condition to which they will ultimately come. Hence He says: “Say, ‘Shall I inform you of something worse than that? The Fire! Allah has promised it to those who disbelieve. What an evil destination!’” Its evil is immense and far-reaching, while its horrors and agonies increase unceasingly.

﴿٧١ - ٧٢﴾ ﴿وَيَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ سُلْطَانًا وَمَا لَيْسَ لَهُمْ بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ نَصِيرٍ * وَإِذَا تُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ تَعْرِفُ فِي وُجُوهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الْمُنْكَرَ يَكَادُونَ يَسْطُونَ بِالَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِنَا قُلْ أَفَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ ذَلِكُمُ النَّارُ وَعَدَهَا اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ﴾ . يذكر تعالى حالة المشركين به، العادلين به غيره، وأن حالهم أقبح الحالات، وأنه لا مستند لهم على ما فعلوه، فليس لهم به علم، وإنما هو تقليد تلقوه عن آبائهم الضالين، وقد يكون الإنسان لا علم عنده بما فعله، وهو -في نفس الأمر- له حجة ما علمها، فأخبر هنا، أن الله لم ينزل في ذلك سلطانا، أي: حجة تدل علي وتجوزه، بل قد أنزل البراهين القاطعة على فساده وبطلانه، ثم توعد الظالمين منهم المعاندين للحق فقال: ﴿وَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ نَصِيرٍ﴾ ينصرهم من عذاب الله إذا نزل بهم وحل. وهل لهؤلاء الذين لا علم لهم بما هم عليه قصد في اتباع ⦗٥٤٦⦘ الآيات والهدى إذا جاءهم؟ أم هم راضون بما هم عليه من الباطل؟ ذكر ذلك بقوله: ﴿وَإِذَا تُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا﴾ التي هي آيات الله الجليلة، المستلزمة لبيان الحق من الباطل، لم يلتفتوا إليها، ولم يرفعوا بها رأسا، بل ﴿تَعْرِفُ فِي وُجُوهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الْمُنْكَرَ﴾ من بغضها وكراهتها، ترى وجوههم معبسة، وأبشارهم مكفهرة، ﴿يَكَادُونَ يَسْطُونَ بِالَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِنَا﴾ أي: يكادون يوقعون بهم القتل والضرب البليغ، من شدة بغضهم وبغض الحق وعداوته، فهذه الحالة من الكفار بئس الحالة، وشرها بئس الشر، ولكن ثم ما هو شر منها، حالتهم التي يؤولون إليها، فلهذا قال: ﴿قُلْ أَفَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ ذَلِكُمُ النَّارُ وَعَدَهَا اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ﴾ فهذه شرها طويل عريض، ومكروهها وآلامها تزداد على الدوام.