Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadiโ€™

(23โ€“24) โ€œNever say of anything, โ€˜I will surely do that tomorrow,โ€™ without adding, โ€˜if Allah wills.โ€™ Remember your Lord if you forget, and say, โ€˜May my Lord guide me to a course nearer than this to right conduct.โ€™โ€

Like other prohibitions, although this one was occasioned by a particular incident and addressed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), it applies generally to all morally accountable people. Allah forbade a servant, when speaking of future matters, from saying, โ€œI will do that,โ€ without qualifying it by Allahโ€™s will. Such a statement is objectionable because it makes an assertion about the unseen future, when he does not know whether he will do it or not, or whether it will come to pass or not. It also attributes the action exclusively to the servantโ€™s own will, which is impermissible, for all volition belongs to Allah: โ€œYet you do not will unless Allah, Lord of all worlds, wills.โ€ Moreover, mentioning Allahโ€™s will facilitates and eases the matter, brings blessing to it, and expresses the servantโ€™s appeal to his Lord for assistance.

Since the servant is human and therefore bound to forget (1) and omit mention of Allahโ€™s will, Allah commanded him to add this qualification afterward when he remembers, so that the desired end may be attained and the danger averted. The general wording of His statement, โ€œRemember your Lord if you forget,โ€ also implies the command to remember Allah whenever one forgets, for remembering Him dispels forgetfulness and reminds the servant of what escaped his mind. Likewise, anyone who has heedlessly forgotten to remember Allah is commanded to remember his Lord and not be among the heedless.

Because the servant depends entirely upon Allah to grant him success in reaching what is right and avoiding error in his words and deeds, Allah commanded him to say, โ€œMay my Lord guide me to a course nearer than this to right conduct.โ€ Thus, He commanded him to supplicate Allah, place his hope in Him, and trust that He will guide him to the shortest paths leading to right guidance. A servant who is in such a state, and who then makes every effort and exhausts all his ability in seeking guidance and right conduct, may rightly be expected to be granted success, to receive assistance from his Lord, and to be directed aright in all his affairs.

(1) Thus in MS B; MS A reads: *yushฤซ*.
๏ดฟูขูฃ-ูขูค๏ดพ ๏ดฟูˆูŽู„ุง ุชูŽู‚ููˆู„ูŽู†ูŽู‘ ู„ูุดูŽูŠู’ุกู ุฅูู†ูู‘ูŠ ููŽุงุนูู„ูŒ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุบูŽุฏู‹ุง * ุฅูู„ุง ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ู‡ู ูˆูŽุงุฐู’ูƒูุฑู’ ุฑูŽุจูŽู‘ูƒูŽ ุฅูุฐูŽุง ู†ูŽุณููŠุชูŽ ูˆูŽู‚ูู„ู’ ุนูŽุณูŽู‰ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽู‡ู’ุฏููŠูŽู†ููŠ ุฑูŽุจูู‘ูŠ ู„ุฃู‚ู’ุฑูŽุจูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุฑูŽุดูŽุฏู‹ุง๏ดพ . ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ู‡ูŠ ูƒุบูŠุฑู‡ุŒ ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ู„ุณุจุจ ุฎุงุต ูˆู…ูˆุฌู‡ุง ู„ู„ุฑุณูˆู„ ุตู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู…ุŒ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุฎุทุงุจ ุนุงู… ู„ู„ู…ูƒู„ููŠู†ุŒ ูู†ู‡ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุจุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุฉุŒ ๏ดฟุฅู†ูŠ ูุงุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ๏ดพ ู…ู† ุฏูˆู† ุฃู† ูŠู‚ุฑู†ู‡ ุจู…ุดูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู…ุง ููŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุฐูˆุฑุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ: ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุบูŠุจ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุŒ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ุง ูŠุฏุฑูŠุŒ ู‡ู„ ูŠูุนู„ู‡ ุฃู… ู„ุงุŸ ูˆู‡ู„ ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู… ู„ุงุŸ ูˆููŠู‡ ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุนู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุดูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ุนุจุฏ ุงุณุชู‚ู„ุงู„ุง ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุญุฐูˆุฑ ู…ุญุธูˆุฑุŒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุดูŠุฆุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู„ู„ู‡ ๏ดฟูˆู…ุง ุชุดุงุกูˆู† ุฅู„ุง ุฃู† ูŠุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠู†๏ดพ ูˆู„ู…ุง ููŠ ุฐูƒุฑ ู…ุดูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ู…ู† ุชูŠุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูˆุชุณู‡ูŠู„ู‡ุŒ ูˆุญุตูˆู„ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒุฉ ููŠู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุงุณุชุนุงู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุจุฏ ู„ุฑุจู‡ุŒ ูˆู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุนุจุฏ ุจุดุฑุงุŒ ู„ุง ุจุฏ ุฃู† ูŠุณู‡ูˆ (ูก) ููŠุชุฑูƒ ุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠุฆุฉุŒ ุฃู…ุฑู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุณุชุซู†ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุฐูƒุฑุŒ ู„ูŠุญุตู„ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจุŒ ูˆูŠู†ูุน ุงู„ู…ุญุฐูˆุฑุŒ ูˆูŠุคุฎุฐ ู…ู† ุนู…ูˆู… ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ๏ดฟูˆูŽุงุฐู’ูƒูุฑู’ ุฑูŽุจูŽู‘ูƒูŽ ุฅูุฐูŽุง ู†ูŽุณููŠุชูŽ๏ดพ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู†ุณูŠุงู†ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุฒูŠู„ู‡ุŒ ูˆูŠุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ุนุจุฏ ู…ุง ุณู‡ุง ุนู†ู‡ุŒ ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุคู…ุฑ ุงู„ุณุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณูŠ ู„ุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ุฃู† ูŠุฐูƒุฑ ุฑุจู‡ุŒ ูˆู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุงูู„ูŠู†ุŒ ูˆู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุนุจุฏ ู…ูุชู‚ุฑุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุชูˆููŠู‚ู‡ ู„ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉุŒ ูˆุนุฏู… ุงู„ุฎุทุฃ ููŠ ุฃู‚ูˆุงู„ู‡ ูˆุฃูุนุงู„ู‡ุŒ ุฃู…ุฑู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„: ๏ดฟุนูŽุณูŽู‰ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽู‡ู’ุฏููŠูŽู†ู ุฑูŽุจูู‘ูŠ ู„ุฃู‚ู’ุฑูŽุจูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุฑูŽุดูŽุฏู‹ุง๏ดพ ูุฃู…ุฑู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุฏุนูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆูŠุฑุฌูˆู‡ุŒ ูˆูŠุซู‚ ุจู‡ ุฃู† ูŠู‡ุฏูŠู‡ ู„ุฃู‚ุฑุจ ุงู„ุทุฑู‚ ุงู„ู…ูˆุตู„ุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุดุฏ. ูˆุญุฑูŠ ุจุนุจุฏุŒ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุงู„ู‡ุŒ ุซู… ูŠุจุฐู„ ุฌู‡ุฏู‡ุŒ ูˆูŠุณุชูุฑุบ ูˆุณุนู‡ ููŠ ุทู„ุจ ุงู„ู‡ุฏู‰ ูˆุงู„ุฑุดุฏุŒ ุฃู† ูŠูˆูู‚ ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูˆุฃู† ุชุฃุชูŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนูˆู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุฑุจู‡ุŒ ูˆุฃู† ูŠุณุฏุฏู‡ ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู…ูˆุฑู‡.
(ูก) ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุจุŒ ูˆููŠ ุฃ: ูŠุณู‡ูŠ.

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