Tafsir al-Sadi - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (467)

Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

“Say, ‘If you yourselves possessed the treasuries of my Lord’s mercy,’” which are never exhausted or depleted, “you would withhold them for fear of spending”; that is, for fear that what you spend from them would run out—even though it is impossible for Allah’s treasuries to be exhausted. Yet man is naturally disposed to avarice and miserliness.

⦗468⦘

(101–104) “We certainly gave Moses nine clear signs. Ask the Children of Israel about when he came to them and Pharaoh said to him, ‘Indeed, I think you, O Moses, are bewitched.’ * Moses replied, ‘You certainly know that none sent these down as clear proofs except the Lord of the heavens and earth. Indeed, I think you, O Pharaoh, are doomed.’ * Pharaoh then sought to drive them from the land, so We drowned him and all those with him. * Thereafter We said to the Children of Israel, ‘Dwell in the land. When the promise of the Hereafter comes, We will bring you all together.’”

That is: O Messenger, supported by signs, you are not the first messenger whom people have denied. Before you, We sent Moses son of Imran, to whom Allah spoke, to Pharaoh and his people, and We gave him “nine clear signs,” each one sufficient for anyone intent on following the truth: the serpent, the staff, the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, the blood, the plague, and the splitting of the sea.

If you doubt any of this, “ask the Children of Israel about when he came to them and Pharaoh said to him,” despite these signs, “Indeed, I think you, O Moses, are bewitched.”

Moses “replied” to him, “You certainly know,” O Pharaoh, “that none sent these” signs down “except the Lord of the heavens and earth, as clear proofs” from Him for His servants. Thus, what you have said is not true; you said it only to deceive your people and treat them as fools.

“Indeed, I think you, O Pharaoh, are doomed”; that is, detested and cast into the punishment—woe, condemnation, and the curse are yours.

“Pharaoh then sought to drive them from the land”; that is, to banish and expel them from it. “So We drowned him and all those with him,” and We caused the Children of Israel to inherit their land and homes.

Hence He said, “Thereafter We said to the Children of Israel, ‘Dwell in the land. When the promise of the Hereafter comes, We will bring you all together’”; that is, all together, so that everyone may be recompensed for their deeds.

﴿قُلْ لَوْ أَنْتُمْ تَمْلِكُونَ خَزَائِنَ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّي﴾ التي لا تنفذ ولا تبيد. ﴿إِذًا لأمْسَكْتُمْ خَشْيَةَ الإنْفَاقِ﴾ أي: خشية أن ينفد ما تنفقون منه، مع أنه من المحال أن تنفد خزائن الله، ولكن الإنسان مطبوع على الشح والبخل. ⦗٤٦٨⦘ ﴿١٠١-١٠٤﴾ ﴿وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى تِسْعَ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ فَاسْأَلْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذْ جَاءَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ إِنِّي لأظُنُّكَ يَا مُوسَى مَسْحُورًا * قَالَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا أَنْزَلَ هَؤُلاءِ إِلا رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ بَصَائِرَ وَإِنِّي لأظُنُّكَ يَا فِرْعَوْنُ مَثْبُورًا * فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَفِزَّهُمْ مِنَ الأرْضِ فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ جَمِيعًا * وَقُلْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اسْكُنُوا الأرْضَ فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ الآخِرَةِ جِئْنَا بِكُمْ لَفِيفًا﴾ . أي: لست أيها الرسول المؤيد بالآيات، أول رسول كذبه الناس، فلقد أرسلنا قبلك موسى ابن عمران الكليم، إلى فرعون وقومه، وآتيناه ﴿تِسْعَ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ﴾ كل واحدة منها تكفي لمن قصده اتباع الحق، كالحية، والعصا، والطوفان، والجراد، والقمل، والضفادع، والدم، والرجز، وفلق البحر. فإن شككت في شيء من ذلك ﴿فَاسْأَلْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذْ جَاءَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ﴾ مع هذه الآيات ﴿إِنِّي لأظُنُّكَ يَا مُوسَى مَسْحُورًا﴾ . فـ ﴿قَالَ﴾ له موسى ﴿لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ﴾ يا فرعون ﴿مَا أَنزلَ هَؤُلاءِ﴾ الآيات ﴿إِلا رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ بَصَائِرَ﴾ منه لعباده، فليس قولك هذا بالحقيقة، وإنما قلت ذلك ترويجًا على قومك، واستخفافًا لهم. ﴿وَإِنِّي لأظُنُّكَ يَا فِرْعَوْنُ مَثْبُورًا﴾ أي: ممقوتًا، ملقى في العذاب، لك الويل والذم واللعنة. ﴿فَأَرَادَ﴾ فرعون ﴿أَنْ يَسْتَفِزَّهُمْ مِنَ الأرْضِ﴾ أن: يجليهم ويخرجهم منها. ﴿فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ جَمِيعًا﴾ وأورثنا بني إسرائيل أرضهم وديارهم. ولهذا قال: ﴿وَقُلْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اسْكُنُوا الأرْضَ فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ الآخِرَةِ جِئْنَا بِكُمْ لَفِيفًا﴾ أي: جميعًا ليجازى كل عامل بعمله.