Tafsir al-SadiAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’
  1. “Do not set up another god alongside Allah, lest you become blameworthy and forsaken.”

That is: Do not believe that any created being deserves any form of worship, and do not associate any of them with Allah. Doing so leads to blame and abandonment. Allah, His angels, and His messengers have forbidden associating partners with Him and have condemned those who do so in the strongest terms. They have attached to it such reprehensible names and repugnant descriptions that its practitioner becomes the most hideous of creation in description and the vilest in characterization.

He will suffer abandonment in his religious and worldly affairs in proportion to the extent that he has forsaken attachment to his Lord. Whoever attaches himself to anyone other than Him is forsaken and left to the one to whom he has attached himself. No created being can benefit ⦗456⦘ anyone except by Allah’s permission. Just as one who sets up another god alongside Allah incurs blame and abandonment, whoever affirms His oneness, sincerely devotes his religion to Allah, and attaches himself to Him alone will be praised and aided in all his circumstances.

﴿٢٢﴾ ﴿لا تَجْعَلْ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ فَتَقْعُدَ مَذْمُومًا مَخْذُولا﴾ . أي: لا تعتقد أن أحدا من المخلوقين يستحق شيئا من العبادة ولا تشرك بالله أحدا منهم فإن ذلك داع للذم والخذلان، فالله وملائكته ورسله قد نهوا عن الشرك وذموا من عمله أشد الذم ورتبوا عليه من الأسماء المذمومة، والأوصاف المقبوحة ما كان به متعاطيه، أشنع الخلق وصفا وأقبحهم نعتا. وله من الخذلان في أمر دينه ودنياه بحسب ما تركه من التعلق بربه، فمن تعلق بغيره فهو مخذول قد وكل إلى من تعلق به ولا أحد من الخلق ينفع ⦗٤٥٦⦘ أحدا إلا بإذن الله، كما أن من جعل مع الله إلها آخر له الذم والخذلان، فمن وحده وأخلص دينه لله وتعلق به دون غيره فإنه محمود معان في جميع أحواله.

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