“And We have explained everything in full detail”—that is, We have made the signs clear and presented them in varied ways, so that things may be distinguished and the truth made clear from falsehood, as Allah Most High says, “We have neglected nothing in the Book.”

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“13–14. We have fastened every person’s deeds to his neck, and on the Day of Resurrection We shall bring forth for him a record that he will find spread open. ‘Read your record! Today your own self is sufficient to call you to account.’”

This declares the perfection of His justice: every person’s deeds are fastened to his neck. In other words, whatever good or evil he has done, Allah makes inseparable from him, and it does not pass to anyone else. He will therefore neither be called to account for another’s deeds nor will another be called to account for his.

“And on the Day of Resurrection We shall bring forth for him a record that he will find spread open,” containing all the good and evil he has done, with every minor and major deed present before him. He will then be told, “Read your record! Today your own self is sufficient to call you to account.” This is among the greatest manifestations of justice and equity: the servant will be told, “Call yourself to account,” so that he may recognize the liability he bears that warrants punishment.