Chapter Two
On the Governance of the Vizierate and the Conduct of Viziers
Know that the Sultan’s renown is elevated and his prestige enhanced by a vizier who is righteous, competent, and just, for no monarch can devote his time or direct his realm without a vizier; whoever relies solely on his own judgment will, without doubt, stumble. Consider that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—despite the loftiness of his station, the greatness of his rank, and the eloquence of his speech, was commanded by God Most High to consult His intelligent and learned servants. The Exalted said: “Consult them in the matter” (Q 3:159). Elsewhere He relates of Moses, peace be upon him: “Appoint for me, from my family, Aaron my brother; strengthen me through him and make him share in my affair” (Q 20:29–32). If even the prophets, peace be upon them, could not dispense with ministers and stood in need of them, then others are all the more in need.
Azdashir ibn Babak was asked, “Which companion is most suitable for a king?” He answered, “A wise, proficient, trustworthy vizier with sound judgment—someone who manages the king’s affairs alongside him and advises him about what lies in his heart.”
The Sultan must treat his vizier in three ways:
- If the vizier commits a slip or makes a lapse, the Sultan should not hasten to punish him.
- When the vizier grows affluent in his service and his influence flourishes under the Sultan’s rule, the ruler must not covet his wealth or property.