Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (3/207)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Are they waiting for the angels to come to them, or for your Lord to come, or for some of your Lord’s signs to come? On the Day some of your Lord’s signs come, no soul will benefit from believing then if it did not believe before, or had earned some good through its faith. Say, ‘Keep waiting; we too are waiting.’” (158)

The saying of the Most High, “Are they waiting?” means: Are they waiting, after having denied the messengers and rejected the Quran, “except for the angels to come to them,” to take their souls? It was also said: with the punishment. Hamzah and al-Kisa’i read it here and in Surah al-Nahl with a masculine verb, while the others read it with a feminine verb.

“Or for your Lord to come,” without asking how, in order to pass judgment among His creation at the place of standing on the Day of Resurrection. “Or for some of your Lord’s signs to come,” meaning the sun’s rising from the west. This is the view of most Quran commentators, and Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri narrated it in a report traced back to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. (1)

“On the Day some of your Lord’s signs come, no soul will benefit from believing then if it did not believe before”: that is, faith will not benefit them when the sign appears which compels them to believe. “Or had earned some good through its faith”: that is, neither the faith of a disbeliever nor the repentance of a sinful person will be accepted. “Say, ‘Keep waiting,’” O people of Mecca, “we too are waiting” for the punishment to befall you.

Abu ‘Ali Hassan ibn Sa‘id al-Mani‘i informed us; Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmash al-Ziyadi narrated to us; Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Husayn al-Qattan narrated to us; Ahmad ibn Yusuf al-Sulami narrated to us; ‘Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us; Ma‘mar narrated to us from Hammam ibn Munabbih, who said: Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated to us that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The Hour will not be established until the sun rises from the west. When it rises and people see it, they will all believe; but that will be the time when no soul will benefit from believing if it did not believe before, or had earned some good through its faith.” (2)

Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Salihi informed us; Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Hiri informed us; Hajib ibn Ahmad al-Tusi narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Hammad narrated to us; Abu Mu‘awiyah al-A‘mash narrated to us from ‘Amr ibn Murrah, from ‘Ubaydah, from Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The two hands of Allah are outspread for one who sins by night, so that he may repent by day, and for one who sins by day, so that he may repent by night, until the sun rises from the west.” (3)

(1) Al-Tirmidhi narrated from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Prophet said regarding Allah's statement, “or some of the signs of your Lord come”: “The sun rising from the west.” Al-Tirmidhi said: “This is a gharib hadith.” Some narrated it without attributing it directly to the Prophet. See: al-Sunan, Tafsir Surat al-An'am, 8:448-449. This is further supported by what he also narrated from Abu Hurayrah in the following hadith. (2) Narrated by al-Bukhari in Tafsir Surat al-An'am, under the chapter on Allah's statement, “Bring forth your witnesses,” 8:297; and by Muslim in al-Iman, “The time when Allah will no longer accept faith,” no. 157, 1:137. (3) Narrated by Muslim in al-Tawbah, “Acceptance of repentance from sins,” no. 2759, 4:2113, with the wording: “Indeed, Allah extends His hand at night so that [the sinner] may repent ...” The author also cites it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 5:82.

﴿هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ رَبُّكَ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ يَوْمَ يَأْتِي بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ لَا يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمَانِهَا خَيْرًا قُلِ انْتَظِرُوا إِنَّا مُنْتَظِرُونَ (١٥٨) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ﴾ أَيْ: هَلْ يَنْتَظِرُونَ بَعْدَ تَكْذِيبِهِمُ الرُّسُلَ وَإِنْكَارِهِمُ الْقُرْآنَ، ﴿إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ﴾ لَقَبْضِ أَرْوَاحِهِمْ، وَقِيلَ: بِالْعَذَابِ، قَرَأَ حَمْزَةُ وَالْكِسَائِيُّ "يَأْتِيَهُمُ" بِالْيَاءِ هَاهُنَا وَفِي النَّحْلِ، وَالْبَاقُونَ بِالتَّاءِ، ﴿أَوْ يَأْتِيَ رَبُّكَ﴾ بِلَا كَيْفٍ، لِفَصْلِ الْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ خَلْقِهِ فِي مَوْقِفِ الْقِيَامَةِ، ﴿أَوْ يَأْتِيَ بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ﴾ يَعْنِي طُلُوعَ الشَّمْسِ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا، عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ مَرْفُوعًا (١) . ﴿يَوْمَ يَأْتِي بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ لَا يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ﴾ أَيْ: لَا يَنْفَعُهُمُ الْإِيمَانُ عِنْدَ ظُهُورِ الْآيَةِ الَّتِي تَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ، ﴿أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمَانِهَا خَيْرًا﴾ يُرِيدُ: لَا يُقْبَلُ إِيمَانُ كَافِرٍ وَلَا تَوْبَةُ فَاسِقٍ ﴿قُلِ انْتَظِرُوا﴾ يَا أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ، ﴿إِنَّا مُنْتَظِرُونَ﴾ بِكُمُ الْعَذَابَ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ حَسَّانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْمَنِيعِيُّ ثَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمَشٍ الزِّيَادِيُّ ثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ ثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ السُّلَمِيُّ ثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ثَنَا مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ ثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ وَرَآهَا النَّاسُ آمَنُوا أَجْمَعِينَ، وَذَلِكَ حِينَ لَا يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمَانِهَا خَيْرًا" (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْحِيرِيُّ أَنَا حَاجِبُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطُّوسِيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ ﵁ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "يَدَا اللَّهِ بُسْطَانِ لِمُسِيءِ اللَّيْلِ لِيَتُوبَ بِالنَّهَارِ، وَلِمُسِيءِ النَّهَارِ لِيَتُوبَ بِاللَّيْلِ، حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا" (٣) .

(١) أخرج الترمذي عن أبي سعيد الخدري ﵁ عن النبي ﷺ في قول الله تعالى: "أو يأتي بعض آيات ربك" قال: "طلوع الشمس من مغربها". قال الترمذي: هذا حديث غريب، ورواه بعضهم ولم يرفعه، انظر: السنن، تفسير سورة الأنعام: ٨ / ٤٤٨-٤٤٩. ويؤيد ما أخرجه أيضا عن أبي هريرة وهو الحديث الآتي بعده. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في تفسير سورة الأنعام، باب قوله تعالى: "هلم شهداءكم": ٨ / ٢٩٧ ومسلم في الإيمان، باب بيان الزمن الذي لا يقبل الله فيه الإيمان، برقم (١٥٧: ١ / ١٣٧. (٣) أخرجه مسلم في التوبة، باب قبول التوبة من الذنوب، برقم (٢٧٥٩) : ٤ / ٢١١٣، بلفظ: "إن الله ﷿ يبسط يده بالليل ليتوب ... ". والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٥ / ٨٢.